Chapter 5 MC Review

1. Suppose that A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0 1. Suppose that A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.2 and P(B) = 0.4. is: a) 0.08. b) 0.12. c) 0.44. d) 0.52. e) 0.60.

2. Suppose that A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0 2. Suppose that A and B are independent events with P(A) = 0.2 and P(B) = 0.4. is: a) 0.08. b) 0.12. c) 0.40. d) 0.52. e) 0.60.

3. Research on eating habits of families in a large city produced the following probabilities if a randomly selected household was asked "How often during the week do you have a vegetarian (meatless) main dish at dinnertime?"  What is the probability that a randomly selected household never has a vegetarian main dish at dinnertime?  a) 0.65 b) 0 c) 0.35 d) 0.06 e) 0.49

4. The probability of a randomly selected person being left-handed is 1 7 . Which one of the following best describes what this means?  a) If a very small number of people are selected, the proportion of left-handed people will be very close to   1 7 b) For every 700,000 people selected, 100,000 will be left-handed. c) If we get 4 left-handed people in 4 consecutive random selections, the probability that the next person is left-handed is substantially lower than   1 7 d) If a very large number of people are selected, the proportion of left-handed people will be very close to   1 7 e) For every 100,000 people selected, 70,000 will be left-handed.

In the wild, 400 randomly selected blooming azalea plants are observed and classified according to flower petal color (white, pink, or orange) and whether or not they have a fragrance. The table gives the results. 5. If a single azalea plant is selected at random, which one of the following is the probability that it has pink flower petals or no fragrance?  0.04 b) 0.40 c) 0.26 d) 0.635 e) 0.595

In the wild, 400 randomly selected blooming azalea plants are observed and classified according to flower petal color (white, pink, or orange) and whether or not they have a fragrance. The table gives the results. 6. If a single azalea plant is selected at random and found to be orange, what is the probability that it has no fragrance?  a) 0.595 b) 0.149 c) 0.125 d) 0.26 e) 0.05

In the wild, 400 randomly selected blooming azalea plants are observed and classified according to flower petal color (white, pink, or orange) and whether or not they have a fragrance. The table gives the results. 7. Suppose a single azalea plant is chosen at random. Which of the following expressions establishes that the events "Fragrance" and "Pink" are not independent?  a) b) c) d) e)

8. Suppose we toss a fair penny and a fair nickel 8. Suppose we toss a fair penny and a fair nickel. Let A be the event that the penny lands heads and B be the event that the nickel lands tails. Which one of the following is true about events A and B?  a) A and B are disjoint. b) A and B are complements. c) A and B are independent. d) A and B are opposites. e) None of these are true.

9. A jar contains 10 red marbles and 15 blue marbles 9. A jar contains 10 red marbles and 15 blue marbles. If you randomly draw two marbles from the jar (without replacement), what is the probability that they are the same color?  a) 0.15 b) 0.52 c) 0.35 d) 1 e) 0.50

10. Of people who died in the United States in a recent year, 86% were white, 12% were black, and 2% were Asian. (We will ignore the small number of deaths among other races.) Diabetes caused 2.8% of deaths among whites, 4.4% among blacks, and 3.5% among Asians. The probability that a randomly chosen death was due to diabetes is about a) 0.96. b) 0.107. c) 0.042. d) 0.038. e) 0.030.

11. People with type O-negative blood are universal donors 11. People with type O-negative blood are universal donors. That is, any patient can receive a transfusion of O-negative blood. Only 4.7% of the American population has O-negative blood. If 8 people appear at random to give blood, what is the probability that at least 1 of them is a universal donor? a) 0 b) 0.320 c) 0.526 d) 0.680 e) 1

12. A blood test for a certain disease has a false positive rate of 0 12. A blood test for a certain disease has a false positive rate of 0.01 and a false negative rate of 0.05. (Recall that "false positive" means the test returns a positive result when the subject does not have the disease). Suppose that 2% of a certain population has the disease. If a random individual from this population tests positive, what is the probability that this person actually has the disease?  a) 0.019 b) 0.0288 c) 0.6597 d) 0.5825 e) 0.03