Rhode Island, Connecticut and the Frontier © Mark Batik Jesuit College Prep Rhode Island, Connecticut and the Frontier

R. Williams Critique of Puritans 1. The Puritans have not fully separated from the Church of England 2. The land possessed by the Puritans was not bought from the Native Americans 3. Civil magistrates do not have power to punish one for religious opinions

Williams Establishes RI Allows for complete religious toleration and formed a government completely separate from the church The colony would quickly come to be viewed by others as the ‘waste can’ for anyone who could not fit into proper society

Hutchison’s Critique Covenant of Works Only she and 2 other ministers are teaching correctly One should have freedom of religious belief

Challenges to the Puritan Orthodoxy—Antinomianism Hutchinson and the inner light are threatening to an established Church Decrease reliance on a central authority Each person can act as they see fit No need for community based on Church membership

J. Winthrop, Not Happy Women should obey men Women shouldn’t teach religion Hutchinson could tear the fabric of their society Winthrop names himself Attorney General Foreman of the Jury Chief justice of the trial Winthrop makes most of the accusations

Why Anne? Sexism: Accused of being a husband, not a wife Religious intolerance Fear of losing power Banished and initially goes to RI

The Frontier and Rhode Island Fredrick Jackson Turner: Frontier Thesis Seen over American History Rhode Island Manifest Destiny Imperialism Cold War

The Archetype and Effect Pioneer type Greater Democratization Decentralization of power

Connecticut In 1636 Thomas Hooker led three whole congregations from MA to settle three new river towns in what would become Connecticut The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Were established in 1639 and established a representative government open to all property owning males, not just church members