Personality The organization of enduring behavior patterns that often serve to distinguish us from one another

Enduring Understandings Personality is a reoccurring theme throughout the study of psychology Biological influences on personality Personality development across the lifespan Personality-related aspects of learning, motivation, emotion, and health Personality Disorders Social Influences on Personality There are still many questions to be answered about the origins and development of psychology

Essential Questions Is personality derived of… -Free will or determinism? -Nature or nurture? -Past, Present, or Future events? -Uniqueness of universality? -Equilibrium or growth? -Optimism or pessimism?

Personality! (Mods. 44-46) Social-Cognitive Perspective (Mod 46) Psychoanalytic Perspective (Mod 44) Social-Cognitive Perspective (Mod 46) Trait Perspective (Mod 46) Humanistic Perspective (Mod 45)

The Psychoanalytic Perspective Unconscious & Personality Adler Is this Legit? Horney Neo-Freudians Jung The Psychoanalytic Perspective (Mod 44) Personality Tests Freud We are here Unconscious & Personality Projective Tests Defense Mechanisms Structure Rorschach Inkblot TAT Development

Psychoanalytic Perspective of Personality Theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives & conflicts Fathered by Sigmund Freud

Psychoanalytic Perspective of Personality What events in Freud’s life led to his theory of psychoanalysis? Was a doctor who specialized in nervous disorders Met patients with disorders that made no sense Tried to search for a cause of the disorders Psychological v. physiological causes

Our mind is like an iceberg… mostly hidden Conscious-things we are aware of Preconscious-things we can be aware of if we think of them Unconscious-deep, hidden reservoir that holds the true “us”; all our desires & fears

How do we get into the Unconscious? Used hypnosis and free association (relax and say it all) to delve into unconscious. Dream interpretation too! Manifest v. Latent content Mapped out the “mental dominoes” of the patients past in a process he called psychoanalysis. Sought to expose & interpret unconscious tensions

Do Now Please have out your notes 

Thin line Between the conscious and unconscious Freudian “Slips” These errors reveal an unconscious thought, belief or wish. Each day, most of us make somewhere between 7 and 22 verbal slips. Examples: Calling your gf/bf by your ex’s name "Our national interest ought to be to encourage…" his strong hands cupped the air, "the breast.“ Without hesitation, the master orator backed up and started again. This time it came out right: "The best and brightest.“—Senator Ted Kennedy (televised speech)

The Psychoanalytic Perspective Unconscious & Personality Adler Is this Legit? Horney Neo-Freudians Jung The Psychoanalytic Perspective (Mod 44) Personality Tests Freud We are here Unconscious & Personality Projective Tests Defense Mechanisms Structure Rorschach Inkblot TAT Development

What’s in the Unconscious? Ego Superego Id

Personality arises from a conflict between our aggressive, pleasure-seeking biological impulses and the internalized social restraints against them. Personality is the result of our efforts to resolve this conflict—to express these impulses in ways that bring satisfaction without also bringing guilt or punishment

Id Exists entirely in the unconscious (so we are never aware of it) Our hidden true animalistic wants and desires. Sex & Aggression Works on the Pleasure Principle Avoid Pain and receive Immediate Gratification.

Wish Fulfillment

Superego Our internalized morals & Ideals—what is right Develops LAST (at about age 5) We internalize the moral code of our society Guilt Irrational striving for moral perfection

Superego is learned, not present at birth

Ego The boss “executive” of the conscious. Develops after the Id Its job is to mediate the desires of the Id and Superego. Deals with reality--“reality principle”. What everyone sees as our personality

Ego If you want to be with someone. Your id says just take them, but your ego does not want to end up in jail. So you ask her out and treat her right 