Epidemiology & Microbiology Review

Terms Epidemiologist Studies how a disease spreads in a population Try and find patient zero

Diseases Infectious Noninfectious Communicable Are caused by microbes Contagious Examples: Flu Strep throat Salmonella Noninfectious Non-communicable Caused by lifestyle choices, environment, genes or a combination of factors Not contagious Examples: Diabetes Cancer Sickle Cell Anemia

Vector Any organism (other than a human) that spreads a disease without showing symptoms of the disease themselves.

How can Infectious disease spread? Direct Contact Occurs when there is physical contact between person to person (bodily fluids touching bodily fluids) Examples: Kissing Sexually transmitted Brest feeding Open wounds… Indirect Direct Occurs when NO direct human-to-human contact is made Examples: Sneezing Airborne droplets Contaminated surfaces Sharing drinks

Infectious Diseases Prevention Treatment Ways to avoid ever getting sick (or infected) with the microbe Examples: Vaccines Hand washing Eating right Personal Hygiene Vitamins Ways to try and cure a disease or manage the symptoms of a disease Examples: Antibiotics (Penicillin) Rest Fluids Medicine

Infectious Diseases Epidemic Pandemic Local spreading of diseases. Examples: Outbreak in a school Outbreak in a town World/Global spreading of diseases Examples: A disease spread over several countries

Pathogens – Microbes (agents) that cause a disease Bacteria Virus Living Unicellular Prokaryotic Reproduction: Binary Fission (Asexual) Some are heterotrophs and some are autotrophs Some can use flagella for movement. Not living Unicellular Needs a host to reproduce Lytic Cycle (Asexual) Parasite Doesn’t need food- Not living Very Small!!!

Germ Theory of Disease Who? What does it say? Louis Pasteur Infectious diseases are caused by Microbes

Spontaneous Generation Says that… Living things come from nonliving things Not true!

Cell Theory All living organisms are made of cells. Cells come from other cells The cell is the basic unit of life in living things carrying the heredity information (DNA) of the organism of which they are apart of.

Life Kingdoms Animal Plant Protist Bacteria Fungi