Bell Ringer In your notes: List three things you think you know about Germany or World War II

The Rise of Dictators Post World War I Europe

Two Terms Totalitarian Dictator Ruling a country and its people with complete control Tyrant: Tyrannous, Latin term associated with Rex (king) A person who rules a country with absolute control in a cruel and brutal way

Germany Devastated by the Treaty of Versailles Huge economic depression Experienced political revolution

Treaty of Versailles June 28, 1919 Provisions III. League of Nations Germany loses territory Forced to disarm Forced to pay reparations Forced to accept responsibility for war III. League of Nations 1. Germany not allowed to join until 1926 http://www.history.com/topics/treaty-of-versailles

Economic Depression Inflation Unemployment Prices soared Destroyed the middle class Unemployment 1. 1928: 1,862,000 2. 1932: 6,042,000

Political Upheaval 1918: Kaiser removed New Government 1930 Election Many unwilling to accept new gov. 1930 Election Too many parties (28) #9: National Socialist German Worker’s Party

Why do you think Hitler’s party was able to win the election?

National Socialist German Party 1919 Founded 1921 Hitler takes over party 1930 1. Popularly elected gov. of Germany 1933 1. Hitler named Chancellor V. Beliefs: 1. Intense Nationalism 2. Social Darwinism 3. anti-Liberalism 4. anti-rationalism 5. anti-Marxism 6. anti-Semitism

To end class… In your notes: Make a timeline of events in Germany from the end of World War I to Hitler being named Chancellor

Bell Ringer In your notes: What was the official name of Hitler’s political party (not Nazi)?

Italy Came out of World War I in decent shape Looked to re-build the Roman empire Became a colonial power in Mediterranean and Africa

Benito Mussolini Political 1919: Est. Paramilitary Fascist movement Saw himself as modern Caesar 1921: Prime Minister 1926: Dictator II. Military 1. Rifleman in WWI 2. Used force to gain political power 3. 1939: Allied with Germany

What was a similar vision that both Hitler and Mussolini had for their countries?

Italian Colonialism Europe Africa 1 Spanish Civil War (1936-39) 2. Albania (1939) Africa Libya (1922-32) Somalia (1923-27) Ethiopia (1935-36)

Russia Bolshevik Revolution = Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Marxism Stalin

Bolshevik Revolution Nov. 1917 Occupy gov. buildings in Petrograd Install new gov. World’s first Marxist state Vladimir Lenin at head Later rename country Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)

What was going on in Europe during the time of the Bolshevik Revolution?

Stalin Ruled 1929-53 Domestic Terror Society Revolution 1. Took power after Lenin died Domestic Terror Millions died Executed enemies Sent others to labor camps Society Revolution 1. Changed from farming/peasants to industrial power

To End Class… Write a brief summary of either Mussolini or Stalin in your notes.

Bell Ringer 2/12 See if you are handing out notebooks >>>>>>> What was the name of Mussolini’s political party?

Bell Ringer 2/13 >>>Are you supposed to hand out notebooks?>>> What is the term/title given to political leaders like Mussolini and Hitler?

Geheime Staatspolizei The Gestapo

Origin Nazi party’s secret police Under direct control of Heinrich Himmler The law Had own courts Judge, Jury, Executioner Outside normal judicial system

Purpose Hunt out enemies of the state Jews Communists Jehovah Witnesses Anyone who challenged the Nazis

Tactics/Methods Fear “Protective Custody” Spies Everywhere at once People’s Court Guaranteed death sentence Spies 1. Used nationals to spy on each other in occupied countries

To End Class… To be handed in: Write a minimum of five sentences answering the following: What would you have done if you had to live under the fear of the Gestapo?

Bell Ringer 2/14 >>>>Are you handing out notebooks?>>>> What was the name of Hitler’s secret police?

Youth in the Reich

Hitler Youth Nazi Youth League Growth 1. 1922-1945 1923: 1,000+ 1925: 5,000+ 1932: 107,956 1933: 2,300,000

Requirements Boys 14-18 years old 18 year olds join Nazi Party and Storm Troopers

Late 1930s Tried to make all youth 10 and older members Mandatory education in Nazi philosophy (indoctrination) 1939: Largest youth organization in world (7.3 million)

1943-45 Conscripted into military service 1943:12 SS-Panzer Division of Hitlerjugend 1. 1945: 455 soldiers, 1 tank surrender to Amer. 7th Army

Swing Kids Swing Jugend

Counter Culture Youth anti-Nazi movement 14-18 year olds 1. Would rather dance than join Hitler Youth Berlin and Hamburg

Offensive? Jazz music offensive to Nazi philosophy Copied British and American youth in dress and style Rented halls and clubs to dance in

Do you think this was a good way to protest Nazi philosophy? http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=swing+jugden&FORM=HDRSC3#view=detail&mid=275F7E9CDC51F5244A9B275F7E9CDC51F5244A9B