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Repealed the Missouri Compromise 9 KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT Repealed the Missouri Compromise Stephen Douglas calls for POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY (vote) on slavery in the territories

Race for control of Kansas (Abolitionist & Missouri settlers) 9 Race for control of Kansas (Abolitionist & Missouri settlers) Only 1,500 people in KS…but 6,000 people vote in election Kansas had 2 governments – Free & Slave

Debate over slavery in territory War broke out over the debate (1856) 10 BLEEDING KANSAS Debate over slavery in territory War broke out over the debate (1856) Pro-slavery raids took place in Lawrence John Brown raided pro-slavery parts of Kansas to raise abolitionist support

11 VIOLENCE IN THE SENATE In 1856, Senator Charles Sumner (Mass.) gave a speech on the “Crime Against Kansas” condemning the South’s desire to expand slavery Senator Preston Brooks (SC) believed Sumner was insulting his uncle, Senator Andrew Butler Since Sen. Butler was not present to defend himself, Sen. Brooks (SC) beat Sen. Sumner with his cane while Sumner was seated at his desk Showed the brutal nature of the debate & Brooks was seen as a hero in South Carolina (it even helped him get reelected)

The party and its power grew after “Bleeding Kansas” 12 Republican Party (1854) Founded to “establish liberty & overthrow the power of slavery” SLAVERY – MORAL, SOCIAL, and POLITICAL EVIL AGAINST THE EXPANSION OF SLAVERY The party and its power grew after “Bleeding Kansas”

12 Condemned KS-NE Act & slavery expansion Called the Republicans extremists/radicals Condemned KS-NE Act & slavery expansion

Scott sued for his freedom because he had lived on free soil 13 Dred Scott vs. Sandford Scott sued for his freedom because he had lived on free soil Court’s Opinion: 1. Blacks (free or slave) cannot bring suit in federal court because they are not citizens 2. The MO Compromise had violated the Constitution & Congress had no right to deprive citizens of private property 3. Congress cannot exclude slavery in territories

Dred Scott Results Court case added to division between North & South 13 Dred Scott Results Court case added to division between North & South Increased fear that slavery would be legalized in the North Supported by President James Buchanan & it split the Democratic Party Decision destroyed all previous compromises over slavery Slavery now protected by law & by the Constitution

Lincoln-Douglas Debate 14 Lincoln-Douglas Debate Stephen Douglas’ Senate seat was up for election & Abraham Lincoln was nominated by the Illinois Republicans to challenge Main topic was slavery Douglas believed it was a state issue Lincoln believed it was a moral wrong & a national problem needing a national policy "A house divided against itself cannot stand.  I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free.  I do not expect the union to be dissolved, I do not expect the house to fall, but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing or all of the other." Douglas won reelection to the Senate Lincoln became nationally known as a rising star in the Republican Party

John Brown Raid 15 Attacked arsenal @ Harpers Ferry, VA Hoped to take the town & arm slaves for a revolt He failed & was hanged as a traitor THE SOUTH WAS PARANOID OF REBELLIONS LIKE THIS HAPPENING AGAIN…NORTH AFRAID/UNCERTAIN