METALS (Categories and Types) Year 8 Metal METALS (Categories and Types) Ferrous metals contain iron. Examples are cast iron, mild steel, medium carbon steel, high carbon steel, stainless steel and high speed steel. The ferrous metals listed below are all alloys. Non-ferrous metals do not contain iron. Some common non-ferrous metals are aluminium, Duralumin, copper, zinc, brass, gilding metal and tin. Name and Melting Point Properties Main Uses Which Metals is it made up from Cast iron 1200°C Hard skin, softer underneath, but brittle, corrodes by rusting Parts with complex shapes which can be made by casting Aluminium 660°C Pure aluminium Good strength-to-weight ratio, light, soft, ductile, good conductor of heat and electricity Kitchen equipment, window frames, general cast components Mild steel 1600°C Tough, ductile, malleable, good tensile strength, poor resistance to corrosion General purpose engineering material Copper 1080°C Pure copper Malleable and ductile, good conductor of heat and electricity, resistant to corrosion Water pipes, electrical wire, decorative goods High carbon steel 1800°C Even harder than medium carbon steel and more brittle, can be heat-treated to make it harder and tougher Cutting tools, ball bearings Brass 900-1000°C Alloy Resistant to corrosion, fairly hard, good conductor of heat and electricity Ornaments, cast items such as water taps Stainless steel 1400°C Hard and tough, resistant to wear and corrosion Cutlery, kitchen equipment Tin 230°C Pure tin Soft, weak, malleable, ductile and resistant to corrosion Usually used for coating steel to form tin-plate, soft solder

Tool Use Tool Use Tool Use SCRIBER Used to scratch and mark out lines in metal products ENGINEERS SQUARE Used to mark out right angled lines in metal products ODD LEG CALIPERS Used to mark parallel lines across the edges of metal products DIVIDERS Used to mark a circle on metal products Tool Use CENTRE PUNCH Used to mark a indentation in the centre of where whole needs to be drilled HAMMER Used to help shape and bend metal using strikes of the metal head of the hammer HACKSAW Full sized hacksaw used to cut through thick metal JUNIOR HACKSAW Smaller sized hacksaw used for cutting though thinner metal, creates a thinner cut Tool Use PILLAR DRILL Used to drill vertical hole in different materials including metal BLOW TORCH Used to heat up metal before it is brazed METAL FILES Used to help shape metal and to prepare metal surfaces for brazing