Scientific English Writing Section Ⅹ

Part Ⅱ Paper Writing SectionⅠ. The composition of an Academic Paper Ⅰ . The title 1. Features: ① brief & clear ② attractive ① noun phrase ② gerundial phrase ③ on-phrase By using An Extended Definition of Linearity Actual Noise Measure of Linear Amplifiers

2. Rules for the capitalization of Letter: a. Only the first letter of the title is capitalized. b. The first letter of the title and the first letter of each notional word of the title are capitalized.

Ⅱ . The author’s name Full name: given name + middle name + family name ( + membership in some learned society) 王志明 Wang Zhiming; WANG Zhiming; Wang, Zhiming; eg. R. K. Benton, Senior Member, IEEE Li, Jiandong, Senior Member, IEEE

Ⅲ . The institution with which the author is associated just put below the author’s name put in the footnote on the first page of the paper The author is with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China

Ⅳ .The abstract / summary 1. Features ① brief & clear ② give prominence to the key points ③ Below it there are 3-8 key words *Ⅴ .The contents of the paper Subtitles & page numbers Ⅵ .The text *Ⅶ .The biography of the author

Section II. Abstract writing Ⅰ. Requirement: Sentences  Correct in grammar Ⅱ. How to make sentences standard to natives 1. Passive voice I, you ╳ one people √ “人们” “大家” ╳

Something is presented/ proposed/ introduced / proved (in this paper) eg. ①本文提出/介绍/讨论 ··· ··· √ √ Something is presented/ proposed/ introduced / proved (in this paper) ( Passive) √ This paper presents … … ╳ I present … in this paper. ② 这是一个人们感兴趣的问题 ③ “我”“我们” ─> the author(s)

Simple present > simple future & present perfect 2. Tenses Simple present > simple future & present perfect > Simple past & present progressive eg. ①最后作者举例说明了IC的应用。 Finally, the applications of IC are illustrated with examples. ② ··· ··· 被广泛地应用于 ··· ··· … has been widely used in … … has found wide use in …

3. Idiomatic expressions, set patterns eg. ① ··· 与 ··· 相吻合 A agrees with B  A is in good agreement with B The results obtained are in good agreement with the calculated values. ② 本文重点讲述了··· Emphasis is put on … ③ 这是一个与···有关的问题 …… This is a problem concerned with / related to concerning / dealing with

4. Vocabulary in paper writing ⑴ Tend to use big words instead of common words approximately  about caution  care purchase  buy utilize / employ  use inquire  ask commence  begin eventually  in the end whereby  by which

⑵ Tend to use formal verbs instead of phrasal verbs maintain  keep up extinguish  put out consume  use up perform  carry out encounter  come across

(3) Tend to use pre-modifiers instead of post-modifiers < compound adjectives > a U-shaped magnet a fast-growing industry a newly-built laboratory (4) Seldom use short forms of words (5) Tend to use nouns instead of verbs to express actions (6) Use a different word from that in the Chinese language in some cases

Assignment: P.128 I -1 P. 145 II-1