Word Wall Grab a book and add the following definitions to your word wall… Developmental theories Psychoanalytic theories Psychosocial developmental stages

Theorists Review MLLD-Chapter 2

Developmental Theories Definition: comprehensive explanations about why people act and behave the way they do and how they change over time Read “Role of Dev Theories”(pg 22-23) Answer Checkpoint questions in notes

Psychoanalytic Theories Definition: analyze the symbolic meaning behind and behaviors, believe that early life experiences are important in development

Freud’s Theory He was the pioneer in psychoanalytic theory He was a neurologist, helped his patients talk through their issues Believed that what happened in early life affects a person for years to come Althought his theories are not considered scientifically sound today, he opened the door for a new way of understanding

Erikson Appreciated Freud's work but believed that both early and later life experiences affect development. Felt that development is a social process and people are motivated by their desire to connect with other people Believed that humans develop in 8 stages -Fill out chart based on pg 24 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iz-AeGMhzV0

Exit Slip Finish reading this section about Erikson’s theory (pg 25-26) Answer the Checkpoint questions: 1- What do psychoanalytical theorists analyze? What do they often believe? 2- Which theorist was a pioneer in applying psychoanalytic theory? 3- According to Erikson, which conflict must individual resolve during the elementary school years? 4- Which conflict must individuals resolve during the teen years?

Word Wall Add these words to your word wall.. Cognitive Theories Moral Decisions

Cognitive Theories Definition: ideas about how people process information, think, and learn Researchers seek to explain the difference in how people think throughout the lifespan in different stages Most well known researcher= Piaget Theorist that followed= Vygotsky

Piaget’s Cognitive Theory Recognized that kids do not think the same way as adults He started to realize that all babies think similarly, all young children think similarly, and so on… Stated that people base learning on what they know. As they gain more experience and knowledge, people's learning changes. Although many researchers have added to his theories, they remain important! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjp01fveeuI Cartoon https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7AuhaJYqXQ4 Rap Pg 27, read chart and finish filling it out

Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory Added onto Piaget’s theories Thought that people based learning on not only interacting with things, but also people and relationships. Believed that children were social beings and needed social interactions starting from birth Children needed to talk and learn and build relationships with parents, teachers, and other knowledgeable people. Adults voices and lessons become the child’s inner voice. First between, then within https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IKRPwHTMCtI

Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development Moral decisions= personal decisions that evaluate what is right and what is wrong Researched (only boys and men) and found that there were 3 levels of Moral Development *Carol Gilligan researched woman and believed that most woman make moral decisions based on the care and/or feelings of others Level 1- Punishment or Reward -all children are at this level Level 2- Laws and How they will be perceived -older children and many youth Level 3- Based on Justice -some youth, teens, many adults

Exit Slip Answer the questions on pg 28 Skip According to cognitive theory, why do young children think differently from teens? Describe Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. Describe Kohlberg's 3 levels of thinking that people fo through in making moral decisions?

Word Wall Add these words to your word wall… Observable Behaviors Behaviorism Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Social Cognitive theory

How experiences cause people to behave in certain ways Observable behaviors= the things people do and say or the way they act Behaviorism= the belief that people’s behavior is determined by forces in the environment that are beyond their control (in the nature vs nurture argument, behavioralist believe that nurture wins)

Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning Classical Conditioning= behaviors that are associated with emotional responses https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hhqumfpxuzI -Behaviorists believe classical conditioning can happen directly or indirectly -Ex. Mom has a fear of the dark. Every time that a mom is in the dark with the child, she takes a deep breath and talks more frantically. In response, the child begin to behave the same way and develops the same fear. -KIDS ARE ALWAYS WATCHING YOU! Your actions become theirs!

Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Operant conditioning= the repetition of behaviors when reinforced. People tend to repeat behaviors that have a positive effect. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_ctJqjlrHA -Often used in American education. Example-Johnny receives a sticker on his paper when he turns in his homework. Johnny likes getting stickers so he continues to turn in his homework each day. Teacher gradually stops giving stickers to students who turn in their homework but Johnny continues to turn in his work each day. -When you make learning fun and rewarding, children will usually be cooperative!

Bandura- Social Cognitive Theory -Bandura argued that people are very different from Pavlov’s dog… they are much more complex! -Stated that people watch and imitate other people’s behavior despite having rewards or punishments. -Monkey see, monkey do= Social Cognitive Theory https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zerCK0lRjp8 Bobo Doll Experiment

Checkpoint On pg 31 What is behaviorism Who demonstrated the idea of behaviorism through his infamous experiment with a do? What has this been termed? What is operant conditioning? Who was well-known for identifying this principle? What is social cognitive theory?

Which Theory is Correct? Read this section on pg 31 Exit Slip- Check it out questions pg 32