Cellular Respiration & Fermentation

Linking Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy by photosynthesis, an organism has to then transform the chemical energy into a form that can be used by the organism.

Cellular Respiration Process by which mitochondria release energy from food. Oxygen (O2) is chemically combined with food molecules (sugar) to release energy. Glucose is broken down Takes place in ALL living things

Chemical Equation for Cellular Respiration + energy (ATP)

Cellular Respiration Glucose Energy Water Cytoplasm Smaller Molecules Oxygen Energy Water Carbon Dioxide Cytoplasm Mitochondrion Smaller Molecules

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

Fermentation Provides energy for cells without using oxygen. Ex. Single-celled organisms that live where there in no oxygen, such as deep in the ocean or in the mud of lakes or swamps. Does not provide as much energy as cellular respiration.

Types of Fermentation Alcoholic Fermentation Lactic-Acid Fermentation Produces alcohol, CO2 and some energy Occurs in yeast and some other single-cell organisms Used by bakers and brewers. Lactic-Acid Fermentation Occurs often when you’re exercising to the point where your muscles are using up the oxygen faster than it can be replaced. Lack of oxygen, results in lactic-acid fermentation in the muscle cell. Produces lactic acid which makes your muscles feel weak, tired, and sore.

Summary Questions Why is respiration important to a cell? Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration. Which raw material is not needed for fermentation to occur? How do plants and animal maintain the level of oxygen in the atmosphere? Do plant cells need to carry out respiration? Explain.