War of 1812 Objectives: Learn new vocab A few causes Star-Spangled Banner Battle of New Orleans Tecumseh Ghent Uncle Sam

The War of 1812

America's Second War for Independence? Forgotten War?

Causes of the War?

Jefferson cut our military Napoleon is trying to take of Europe Don’t forget! Jefferson cut our military Napoleon is trying to take of Europe

1. European Wars Problems at home Britain and France are interfering with American trade 1808-1811  Britain impressed over 6,000 American sailors. Taking American ships, goods, and sailors Great Britain was supplying Native Americans with guns and encouraging them to rise up against America War Hawks

2. Chesapeake-Leopard “Affair” June 21, 1807. GB Captain fired on the USS Chesapeake. 3 dead, 18 wounded. GB Foreign Office said it was a mistake. Jefferson’s Response: Embargo Act – imports and exports to all foreign countries

Presidential Election of 1808

James Madison Becomes President

Dolly Madison: The President’s Greatest Asset

3. The Non-Intercourse Act (1809) Replaced the Embargo Act. Only prohibited trade with Britain and France Remained U. S. policy until 1812. Unexpected Consequences: N. Eng. was forced to become self-sufficient again [old factories reopened]. Laid the groundwork for US Industrial Revolution (we will talk about this in a few weeks).

4. Britain joins forces with Indians British General Brock Meets with Tecumseh (Shawnee Chief)

A few Battles

Battle of Tippecanoe, 1811 General William Henry Harrison  governor of the Indiana Territory. Invited Native Indian chiefs to Ft. Wayne, IN to sign away 3 mil. acres of land to the US government. Tecumseh organized a confederacy of Indian tribes to fight for their homelands. Tecumseh’s brother (The Prohpet) fought against Harrison and was defeated at Tippecanoe. This made Harrison a national hero! [1840 election  Tippecanoe & Tyler, too!]

“War Hawks” John C. Calhoun [SC] Henry Clay [KY]

Presidential Election of 1812

President Reminders Washington (First President) - 1788 Adams - 1796 Jefferson (Louisiana Territory) - 1800 Jefferson - 1804 Madison (War of 1812) - 1808 Madison - 1812 Monroe - 1816 Monroe - 1820 Adams - 1824 Jackson (Indian Removal Act)-1828 Jackson -1832

“Mr. Madison’s War!”

American Problems The US was unprepared militarily (Jefferson?): Had a 12-ship navy vs. Britain’s 800 ships. Financially unprepared: Regional disagreements:

Overview of the War of 1812

Battle of Fort McHenry, 1814 Oh Say Can You See By the Dawn’s Early Light… -- Francis Scott Key

National Anthem Francis Scott Key Attorney Wanted the release of Dr. William Beanes Defense of Ft. McHenry Was kept on board until the fighting was over in Baltimore When Key was released, he saw the flag still flying over a demolished Ft. Wrote a poem on an envelope

Gave proof through the night, That our flag was still there..

Treaty of Ghent December 24, 1814

Battle Of New Orleans Fought Jan 8, 1815 Andrew Jackson and 5000 Americans Against 7500 British America wins a huge victory 2036 Brits vs. 21 Americans Andrew Jackson national hero

The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

The Battle of New Orleans, 1815

Uncle Sam Samuel Wilson Meatpacker He was called Uncle Sam by his friends. Crates of salted meat were shipped to soldiers during the war, some were stamped US This was the first time the initials had been used for the country, and townspeople assumed that they stood for their friend Uncle Sam. In 1961, Congress passed a law making Uncle Sam an official American symbol of independence and freedom.