Voltage and Circuits: The Intro

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+ V (Volt) = W (work done, J) Q (charge, C)

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Presentation transcript:

Voltage and Circuits: The Intro Okay, see, it’s like this….

Remember Potential Energy? Picture, if you will… + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + q0 F = q0E H1 F = mg F = q0E q0 F = mg H2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - What are the two PE’s of the basketball? What is the work done?

Electric Potential Difference In the previous slide, we saw that the work done = difference in electrical potential energy If we divide the work done by the charge q0, we get the ELECTRIC POTENTIAL This is also the VOLTAGE. Electric Potential V at a given point is the electric potential energy of a small test charge q0 divided by the charge itself. 1 volt = 1 joule/coulomb

Volts 1 volt = 1 joule/coulomb This means that 1 volt is the potential difference across which one coulomb of charge gains or loses 1 joule of energy

Just to annoy the students… The following terms all mean the same thing: Voltage Potential Difference Electrical potential In this class, I will try to stick with ‘voltage’. But if you ever hear any of the other ones, that’s what they mean.

Electric Circuits There are three main quantities we care about when we talk about electric circuits Voltage Current Resistance Let’s talk about these individually

Current Current is the amount of charge flowing past a certain point in the circuit in a certain length of time. Think about the water current in a river: how much water goes past a certain point in a certain time.