The Age of Exploration: Europe and Asia (1415–1796) Unit 3 Section 4 TYWL: Analyze the causes for exploration and the effects of increased global interaction and trade between the nations in Europe, Asia, Americas, and Africa . Analyze colonization in terms of the desire for access to resources and markets as well as the consequences on cultures, population, & environment. I can: understand how the desire for wealth, resources, markets, and the Crusades, fueled by advances in technology, leads to global exploration, exchange of goods & ideas are contributing factors to mercantilism , capitalism and colonization.

Question of the Day 14 Why were the Code of Hammurabi of Babylon, the Twelve Tables of Rome, and the Justinian Code of the Byzantine Empire needed? They created order for ancient societies. They created rules of conduct for military generals and officers. They created examples of religious doctrine for societal rituals and ceremonies. They created credentials for safe passage between empires.

Why Did Europeans Cross the Seas? Population recovered from the Black Death, the demand for trade goods grew. Desire spices. Crusades Renaissance Tools of Ocean Navigation Astrolabe: measure the angles of the sun & stars above the horizon. Caravel: ship combined the square sails of European vessels w/ the lateen (triangular) sails Cartographers: created maps & sea charts that were more accurate. gain direct access to the riches of Asia.

Portugal’s Voyages to the East Henry the Navigator sent ships to explore the western coast of Africa. In 1497, Vasco da Gama reached the spice port of Calicut in India. Many sailors died of scurvy, a lack of vitamin C. In 1488, Bartholomeu Dias rounded the southern tip of Africa, later called the Cape of Good Hope (opened sea route to Asia) In 1502, da Gama forced a treaty on Calicut. By the 1400s, Portugal had expanded into Muslim North Africa

Columbus’s Voyages to the West Backed by Spain, Christopher Columbus (Italian) tried to reach the Indies, in Southeast Asia, by sailing west across the Atlantic. Set out on 3 small ships, the Pinta, Nina & the Santa Maria. Columbus believed he reached the Indies. Lands later became known as the West Indies.

Pope Alexander VI set a Line of Demarcation, giving to Spain rights to any land west of the line & to Portugal, rights to any land east of the line.

Exploring the Americas Vasco Nuñez de Balboa discovered a passage through Panama to an ocean which he called the South Sea. Ferdinand Magellan charted a passage around the southern tip of South America (Strait of Magellan) & gave the Pacific (peaceful) Ocean its name. His crew became the first people to circumnavigate, or sail around, the world.

John Cabot discovered Newfoundland in his unsuccessful quest to find a northwest passage to Asia. Jacques Cartier explored the St. Lawrence River. Henry Hudson explored what would become known as the Hudson River.