Analyzing Behaviors and Culture Significance

BIAS A preference that prevents impartial judgment Examples: Women are inferior to men Short people are inferior Homosexuals are inferior to heterosexuals

ETHNOCENTRIC These are individuals who believe in the supremacy of their own ethnic group Example : Nazis May be unfriendly or antagonize other cultures

PREJUDICE Means to pre-judge Have a strong feeling or belief about a subject Formed without reviewing facts or information Frequently afraid of things that are different and causes fear, distrust, and interferes with relationships

EVERY Individual is prejudiced to SOME degree

Cultural Competence: Managing Your Prejudices - YouTube

STEREOTYPING Occurs when an assumption is made that everyone in a particular group is the same Ignores individual characteristics

Ways to AVOID Bias, Stereotyping, and Prejudice Know and be aware of your own values and beliefs Be sensitive to other values and beliefs Remember your are not adopting other beliefs but respecting them Ask questions to learn Avoid jokes Remember mistakes happen: apologize and forgive

CULTURAL DIVERSITY

Cultural Diversity This will include family organization, language, personal space, touching, eye contact, gestures, health care beliefs, spirituality, and religion Cultural ethnic beliefs of an individual will affect the behavior of an individual

HOLISTIC CARE Care that provides for the well being for the whole PERSON Care meets physical, social, emotional, and mental needs

FAMILY ORGANIZATION Refers to family structure and the dominant person in a family Families vary in composition

Nuclear Family Consists of parent(s) and child(ren) Basic unit in European American families Extended family is important

Extended Family Includes nuclear family as well as grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins Many generations live in one home Basic unit for Asian, Hispanic, and Native Americans

Patriarchal vs. Matriarchal Patriarchal: Father or oldest male is the authority figure Will make most health care decisions for ALL family members Common in Asian and Middle Eastern cultures

Matriarchal Mother or oldest female is the authority figure Dominant female makes health care decisions In many families, the mother and father share the decisions Health care providers must respect the patients cultural decision

LANGUAGES In the US , English still remains the Dominant language. The USA DOES NOT have an official language There are variations within a language – called dialects

Non English Speaking Patients Must use a translator Speak Slowly Use simple words Use pictures or gestures (be careful) to clarify meanings of words Try to learn common words or pharses

Ensure that the patient understands what he/she is signing Legal Requirements Any medical permit requiring a written signature be printed in the patients primary language Ensure that the patient understands what he/she is signing As the Health Care worker YOU must be aware of legal requirements for non-English speaking patients

PERSONAL SPACE AND TOUCH Often called territorial space describes the distance people require to feel comfortable while interacting with others Varies among different ethnic/ cultural groups

Arabs are close contact: they will touch, feel, and smell people while they interact French and Latin Americans stand close together while talking Hispanics are also comfortable with close contact Women and children also tend to stand closer together than men do

Europeans and African Americans prefer more space during interactions (2-6 feet) but do not hesitate to shake hands when meeting. Asians will stand close but do not touch during a conversation. Kissing and hugging is reserved for intimate relations and is not done in public Native Americans believe personal space is important but will lightly touch during a greeting

As a Health Care Provider we use touch and constantly invade personal space. Need to be aware of patients non verbal cues and ask for permission to invade space.

EYE CONTACT Europeans – direct eye contact: interest and trustworthiness Asians – direct eye contact: rude Native Americans – use peripheral vision and avoid direct eye contact; may regard stares has hostile and threatening

GESTURES Used to communicate many things

Gestures, meanings and cultures – YouTube 10 Surprising Ways To Offend People In Other Countries - YouTube