Waves Unit 8.

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Presentation transcript:

Waves Unit 8

Wave a rhythmic disturbance that carries energy through matter space waves transmit energy there are multiple kinds of waves:

Electromagnetic Waves a wave consisting of changing magnetic and electric fields that move through space at the speed of light Example: Radiation or magnetic fields

Mechanical Waves waves that require a medium (material that carries the wave) water waves, sound waves, or a spring

Medium of the Wave The “medium” is whatever the wave travels through (water, air, or a spring)

Wave Pulse a single bump or disturbance that travels through a medium

Continuous Wave a repeating sequence of wave pulses

Transverse Wave a wave that vibrates perpendicular to the direction of wave motion Example: waves created in a rope or spring if you move it up and down but the waves move right and left, perpendicular

Longitudinal Wave a wave that displacement is parallel to the wave direction only transmitted in fluids (liquids and gases) Example: Sound waves

Surface Waves made up of characteristics of both transverse and longitudinal waves Example: waves at the surface of water

Amplitude the maximum displacement from its rest position or equilibrium depends on how the wave was generated, NOT by the speed the larger the amplitude the more energy

Wavelength the shortest distance between point where the wave pattern repeats itself 1.Trough Lowest point in a wave 2. Crest Highest point in a wave

Wavelength (λ) wavelengths are measured trough to trough or crest to crest represented by the Greek letter lambda λ

Example Create a wave with the following information: wavelength (λ): 6 and amplitude: 5

Period (T) the time (T) it takes the source to return to the same point in its oscillation equal to the period of the source that generates the wave

Period Equation 1 T = f f = frequency (Hz) T = period (s)

Frequency (f) number of complete oscillations in one second measured in hertz (Hz)

Frequency (f) 1 f = T f = frequency (Hz) T = period (s)

Velocity using period λ v = T v = velocity (m/s) λ= wavelength (m) T = period (s)

Velocity using frequency v=λ·f v=velocity (m/s) λ= wavelength (m) f = frequency (Hz)

Example: A sound wave has a frequency of 262 Hz and a wavelength measured at 1.29 m. What is the speed of the wave using frequency? What is the period of the wave? What is the velocity of the wave using period?