Observations RECR 120

Observation Q & A

Everyday “Casual” Observations What things do you look for in the environment to help you predict the weather? When you are in a room full of people, do you have a techniques for knowing who key people are? What was the first thing you observed when you walked in the classroom today? When you talk to your family or friends, how can tell what type of mood they are in?

Observations are an important part of learning. Make a list of things you have learned in your life through observation.

What do recreation therapists observe? Safety Level of enjoyment Behaviors Interactions Body movement Facial expressions Attention Leisure activities

Why do recreation therapists observe clients? Assessment purposes (systematic or formal observation) Record client behaviors Determine goals and proper placement in programs Help determine where problems are occurring Two types of observations: Direct-client is aware he/she is being observed Indirect – client is not aware he/she is being observed

Observations & Error

Observer Bias (Error #1) What does it mean to be bias? Prejudice in favor of or against something or someone (usually considered to be unfair) Why is it important not to be bias in therapeutic recreation observations? How can you avoid being bias? Be objective (just write down the facts) Observe for a certain amount of time Know what behavior you are looking for

Subjective vs. Objective Subjective – thoughts and feelings Objective – just the facts, not influenced by thoughts and feelings. What you see & hear.

Observation Reactivity (Error #2) Reactivity refers to the influence that being observed has on behavior. How might your behavior change when being observed? People may act how they think others “expect” them to act. So you may not get a true picture. People may become nervous or self-conscious and their behavior may change. How can you avoid this?