8 years after the Sumatra Tsunami and Earthquake; What can be done in the next steps? In the memory of all known and unknown victims of Sumatra Tsunami Kambod Amini Hosseini Associate Professor, Director of Risk Management Research Center International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, Iran On behalf of Three Regional Initiatives for Disaster Risk Reduction (TRI-DRR) 7th AIWEST-DR 2012 Syiah Kuala University, Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center Banda Aceh- Indonesia

The main question: Is the city of Banda Aceh and next generation are now safe in case of another similar tsunamis occur in near future?

- A lot of individual activities were carried out in Banda Aceh after the tsunami to mitigate the risk and improve the disaster management capacities - Assuming that each sector implemented its own duties in a very good manner, why the results has not yet reduced the total risks to an acceptable level

Having a quick look around the city may reveal what else can be done for DRR Precise assessment the risk of earthquake at different scales Preparing seismic microzonation maps and integrating it into the master and comprehensive plans of the city Implementing necessary measures in urban development (widening the narrow roads, developing applicable evacuation plans, preventing city growth in dangerous sites, etc. Strengthening the existing buildings/improving construction quality Improving public awareness and participation in risk reduction based on their socio-economic condition …………….. Many Many other things,

All of the mentioned activities seems to be necessary, but: Who can provide necessary funds for all projects? Who has the ability to implement all the projects simultaneously? How the results would be applied by the end users? What are the priority projects that have the most effects with less costs?

One of the potential solution is … To prepare DRR road map to show the directions as well as priorities in investment and implementation By preparing the road map each component in risk reduction has its own role and a general effect like as the pieces of a puzzle In such case finding necessary funds for implementing the priority projects is much easier

What is the experience of Iran in this Field A lot of activities were carried out after main earthquakes of Manjil (1990), Avaj (2002), Bam (2003), Silakhor (2006) in relevant fields without tangible results in DRR The country requested a loan from the world Bank to support earthquake affected victims and building capacities in DDM The WB allocated the loans, but indicated the main issues to be done for capacity building In an international tender IIEES got the project to make the road map based on the experiences gained in recent earthquakes and the global experiences

The final results of that project ended in 2010 was a plan and a long list of projects sorted by the priority that was delivered to MOI of Iran to be implemented at different time interval That project focused on different elements of risk reduction and disaster management to minimize the potential casualties and damages and increasing the safety index The developed road map may not reduce the risk by only its preparation, but it shows the direction for implementing executive projects in DRR based on their importance and costs

Parameters and indicators that determine priority projects (1) Effectiveness (1-1) Impact on loss and damage reduction (1-2) Impact on rescue and relief after earthquake (1-3) Impact on reconstruction and rehabilitation (2) Applicability (2-1) Improvement of the current performance (2-2) How to affect public awareness and participation (2-3) Number of beneficiaries (2-4) Adaptation with citizens primary needs (3) Implementation (3-1) Urgency (3-2) Estimated project cost (3-3) Technical capacity (3-4) Implementation period

Assessment of the vulnerability of structures and infrastructures Objectives Defining vulnerability degree of structures Identifying vulnerability of centers affiliated with Disaster Management Administrative Institution Urban and Rural Management Organization of the Ministry of Interior, Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation, Consultant Companies, Scientific and research centers with financial support of municipalities and governors Approximate Cost 150 Millions Rls. per square kilometer Current Status General vulnerability degree of different parts of the country has been occasionally studied so far, and now there is not enough information relating to constructions' vulnerability in most of the cities and rural areas. So vulnerability assessment in different earthquake scenarios has become impossible. This is also the same for infrastructures which their analyses are not performed well because their situation and characteristics have not been identified thoroughly. Identifying vulnerability of the centers relating to Disaster Management Organization (such as rescue and relief, hospitals, emergency services and etc.) is also in the same level and more comprehensive studies have to be done for them at local levels. Duration 3 Years Technical Justification Planning and classifying risk mitigation is not possible without identifying vulnerability of constructions. This shows that accurate analysis of existing information of construction status and collecting numeral data banks for risk analysis is of great importance and has to be paid attention to by urban-regional authorities seriously. Project Input Existing numeral data at local to regional levels such as information of municipalities, organizations of urban services Functions and equations relating to vulnerability of structures Experts and technicians of required software Project Output Accurate identification of buildings and infrastructures' vulnerability Map of distribution of vulnerable regions and vulnerability percentage of different areas Map of regions having lack of disaster management infrastructures Project Sections Gathering, purifying and digitizing construction data Defining vulnerability functions for domestic conditions of different areas Evaluating vulnerability at urban and regional levels using new updated information Assessing risk mitigation degree by conducting various improvement percentages Supervision and Assessment Deputy of Coordination and Contents of Disaster Management Organization (Ministry of Interior), Construction Engineering Organization, Deputy of Planning and Architecture and Deputy of Housing and Construction (Ministry of Housing and Urban Development) and President Deputy Strategic Planning and Control Project Sustainability Project continuity depends on creating necessary systems for updating information and also allocating human resources and credits required for this purpose at local levels. Project Schedule Sections/ Time 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year Gathering, purifying and numeralizing data Defining vulnerability functions for domestic conditions Vulnerability Assessment Assessing risk mitigation amount after improving

With the hope of a safe and secure horizon in Banda Aceh and all Indonesia