Chapter 3.3 The Middle Colonies Made up of 4 states, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware

Geography of Middle Colonies New York City, NY was the largest city based on its size from the resources of the Hudson River Pennsylvania was second largest state with its main cities on the Delaware river Both Delaware and New Jersey located Sea side (Jersey Shore) and occupy huge ports

II. New York + New Jersey New York was originally a Dutch colony and farming and trade made it prosperous However hostility erupted over trade and all colonies in this area began to battle

England was ready to take over all the Dutch colonies and few war ships was all it took for the Dutch to give in The English named it New York after James, the duke of York

B. New Jersey When a southern part of N.Y split they formed New Jersey This was considered a proprietary colony which was created from a land grant Soon it was considered a royal colony or a colony run solely by the English King

III. Pennsylvania and Delaware In England the Quakers were a religious group that believed every person had a direct link or inner light with god They also believed all were equal in gods eyes and were one of the first groups to speak out against slavery and equality for women They suffered persecution for their beliefs

Lead by William Penn they settled in Pennsylvania Penn knew the king and with his help they were able to flee the persecution and settle in peace

A. Penn’s Holy Experiment To keep with his idea of peace Penn named the capitol Philadelphia or city of brotherly love This attracted peaceful people Penn also allowed all religions to enter his colony and he wouldn’t allow anyone to come in without actually buying land from natives Could this actually work????

B. Delaware a separate colony Delaware was separate from Penn. It also had it’s own representation Could this be a problem in the future???

IV. Growth and Change By 1700 over 20,000 had settled here Wheat became the cash crop of choice This earned the area the name “bread basket” *Bread is the most eaten food every day in the world*

A. Back Country Western portion of Pennsylvania was called the back country or frontier Those with no homes or weren’t welcome anywhere else settle here

Many soon began to head south for warmer climates they traveled by covered wagons and the trails they took got the name “great wagon road”

B. Diverse and Thriving Colonies Middle colonies became the most diverse areas in North America Business, Farming, and freedom of religion brought all different types of people here Think about today, New York is still one of the most diverse areas of the world