Introduction to the MAGIX Target General Design Stephan Aulenbacher MAGIX Collaboration Meeting 2017-02-16

Topics The Tube Target The Jet-Target Summary Concept Design Density profile simulation The Jet-Target Technical implementation Measurement of the density profile Summary

General Concept Injection Beam Energy recovering Evacuation Gas Injection Injection of the gas directly into the vacuum system  three options Electon Beam Focus at the position of the target in order to pass thin tubes Differential Pumping Gas must be pumped away quickly Injection Beam Energy recovering Evacuation

Target Designs Tube Target Molecular Flow inside of a tube Jet Target Gas Jet flows through the Chamber perpendicular to the beam Cluster-Jet Target Formation of clusters in the Jet

Approach 1: The Tube Target Luminosity ~1035 cm-2s-1 ~1031 cm-2s-1 (pol.) Spin Polarization Possibility to inject spin polarized Hydrogen Windows Beam scatteres on the gas without passing windows Scattered particles has to pass the walls

The Tube Target T-Shaped channel made out of 20 μm Mylar Film Aluminum Beam should scatter directly on the gas. Windowless design Energy losses and multiple-scattering-angles are large at 100 MeV . Scattered particles have to pass the wall Focused Beam has to pass thin structures Accurate structure Aluminum Mylar/Kapton Beryllium T-Shaped channel made out of 20 μm Mylar Film

Technical Implementation

Simulation of the density profile

Simulation of the density profile

Approach 2: The Jet Target ~1035 cm-2s-1 Luminosity Neither the beam nor the scattered particles have to pass a wall No windows at all Not possible due to high pressures Spinpolarization Laval-Nozzle Beam Catcher

Nozzle Dynamics Behavior from Bernoullis law acceleration deceleration

Nozzle Dynamics Derivate along the streamline Speed of Sound Continuity equation for an isentropic process 𝜚𝑢𝐴=𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡. 1 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 + 1 𝐴 𝑑𝐴 𝑑𝑥 + 1 𝜚 𝑑𝜚 𝑑𝑥 =0 Derivate along the streamline 𝑎 2 = 𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝜚 Speed of Sound 1 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 + 1 𝐴 𝑑𝐴 𝑑𝑥 + 1 𝑎 2 𝜚 𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑥 =0 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑥 𝑢=− 1 𝜌 𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑥 Component of the Euler equation along the streamline 1 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 1− 𝑀 2 =− 1 𝐴 𝑑𝐴 𝑑𝑥 11

} Nozzle Dynamics 1 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 1− 𝑀 2 =− 1 𝐴 𝑑𝐴 𝑑𝑥 𝑝=𝑆 𝜌 𝜅 1 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 1− 𝑀 2 =− 1 𝐴 𝑑𝐴 𝑑𝑥 𝑝 𝑀 = 𝑝 0 1+ 𝜅−1 2 𝑀 2 𝜅 𝜅−1 } 𝑇(𝑀)= 𝑇 0 1+ 𝜅−1 2 𝑀 2 𝑝=𝑆 𝜌 𝜅 𝜌(𝑀)= 𝜌 0 1+ 𝜅−1 2 𝑀 2 1 𝜅−1 𝑚 =𝜌𝑢𝐴= 𝜌 ∗ 𝑢 ∗ 𝐴 ∗ 𝐴 𝑀 = 𝐴 ∗ 𝑀 2 𝜅+1 1+ 𝜅−1 2 𝑀 2 𝜅+1 2(𝜅−1)

Nozzle Design Leads to flux only in horizontal direction

Technical implementation Laser Sintering Accuracy better than 100 µm Not yet feasible!!! Work in progress

Measurement of the gas density Integral necessary to determine the luminosity Profile necessary for vertex reconstruction Density profile Mach-Zehnder Interferometry

Measurement of the gas density

Summary Tube Target Luminosity: ~1031 cm-2s-1 Spin-polarization Energy losses and multiple scattering Jet Target Luminosity: ~1036 cm-2s-1 No windows Next step: Using the jet Target for a measurement of the proton raduis @A1 (Talk at 15:40)