Changes in mid-life fitness predicts heart failure risk at a later age independent of interval development of cardiac and noncardiac risk factors: The.

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Changes in mid-life fitness predicts heart failure risk at a later age independent of interval development of cardiac and noncardiac risk factors: The Cooper Center Longitudinal Study Ambarish Pandey, MD, Minesh Patel, MD, Ang Gao, MS, Benjamin L. Willis, MD, MPH, Sandeep R. Das, MD, David Leonard, PhD, Mark H. Drazner, MD, MSc, James A. de Lemos, MD, Laura DeFina, MD, Jarett D. Berry, MD, MS American Heart Journal Volume 169, Issue 2, Pages 290-297.e1 (February 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2014.10.017 Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Prevalence of HF in participant groups with or without other comorbidities as seen on Medicare follow-up across mid-life fitness categories. *P < .05. American Heart Journal 2015 169, 290-297.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.ahj.2014.10.017) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Prevalence of HF among participant groups according to fitness levels and increasing number of comorbidities at age older than 65years. Multivariable adjusted HR for HF hospitalization associated with total comorbidity burden at older than 65years (defined as a continuous variable) is 1.25 (1.16-1.35) per comorbidity. American Heart Journal 2015 169, 290-297.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.ahj.2014.10.017) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Association between change in mid-life fitness and HF hospitalization rate at a later age. Fitness change categories are determined based on transition of subjects from one fitness group to another between their initial and follow-up examinations: not low fit → not low fit, Q2-5 → Q2-5; low fit → not low fit, Q1 → Q2-Q5; not low fit → low fit, Q2-Q5 → Q1; low fit → low fit, Q1 → Q1. Multivariable adjusted HR for HF hospitalization associated with fitness change, defined continuously as difference in METs between the 2 examinations, is 0.83 (0.74-0.93) per MET. American Heart Journal 2015 169, 290-297.e1DOI: (10.1016/j.ahj.2014.10.017) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions