Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Setup of the experiments. The net panels were clamped in between rigid metal bars as shown in the perspective view to the right. In the drawings to the left, the metal bars are red, the multi-axis force/torque measurement system is green, and the velocity meter is yellow. The dark gray bar at the lower end of the net panel in the image to the right indicates the position of a steel bar, and the red circles indicate the positions of reflective markers for control of the three-dimensional orientation of the frame using a Qualisys motion tracking system. It should be noted that the number and the positions of the reflectors were different from the positions shown in this figure. In the present study, four reflectors were mounted evenly spaced along the vertical edges of the nets and only two reflectors were mounted on the vertical centerline of the nets. The reflectors on the mounting bars and on the rod extruding from above the force measurement system were positioned as shown in this figure.

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Outlines of all nets in the orientation during the tests. Image (a) steel net, (b) copper net, and (c) PET net. Back lighted photos of the nets were reduced to two colors.

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Illustration of how an element based model in FhSim is used to define net panels made from materials with bending stiffness. The 10 model nodes (black circles), 8 net elements (meshed triangles), 10 constraints elements (white bars), and rigid bar element (black bar) comprising such a panel are highlighted in the figure.

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Deformation of the steel net in the x-direction at different flow speeds. Markers depict the positions of reflectors in the x-z-plane

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Deformation of the copper net in the x-direction at different flow speeds. Markers depict the positions of reflectors in the x-z-plane

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Deformation of the PET net in the x-direction at different flow speeds. Markers depict the positions of reflectors in the x-z-plane

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Projected area of and measured and normalized forces on the steel net panel at different flow speeds. Squares, triangles, and circles mark the projected area, drag force on the net panel, and drag forces normalized by projected area, respectively. The drag forces (triangles) were calculated by dividing measured drag with the projected area of the panel (m2) at 0 ms−1 flow speed, i.e., the drag is per m2 nondeformed net.

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Projected area of and measured and normalized forces on the copper net panel at different flow speeds. Squares, triangles, and circles mark the projected area, drag force on the net panel, and drag forces normalized by projected area, respectively. The drag forces (triangles) were calculated by dividing measured drag with the projected area of the panel (m2) at 0 ms−1 flow speed, i.e., the drag is per m2 nondeformed net.

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Projected area of and measured and normalized forces on the PET net panel at different flow speeds. Squares, triangles, and circles mark the projected area, drag force on the net panel, and drag forces normalized by projected area, respectively. The drag forces (triangles) were calculated by dividing measured drag with the projected area of the panel (m2) at 0 ms−1 flow speed, i.e., the drag is per m2 nondeformed net.

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Projected area of the PET net with and without a metal rod attached to the lower edge of the net at different flow speeds

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Comparison between measured and estimated deformation of PET net panel when subjected to currents of 0–0.63 ms−1. Different symbols represent different current speeds. Filled symbols mark measurements and open symbols mark model estimates.

Date of download: 10/23/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Deformation of Nets With Bending Stiffness Normal To Uniform Currents J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng. 2014;136(4):041102-041102-8. doi:10.1115/1.4028224 Figure Legend: Comparison between measured and estimated deformation of copper net panel when subjected to currents of 0–0.9 ms−1. Different symbols represent different current speeds. Filled symbols mark measurements and open symbols mark model estimates.