FM BeDIM A practical approach to providing resilient support for fine-scale location specificity Jane W. S. Liu Institute of Informaiton Science Academia Sinica, Taiwan RTCSA, August 17, 2017 Location specificity The term location specificity refers to the ability of an active device to select its action(s) in response to each emergency alert based on not only the type and parameters of the alert but also on characteristics of the building, interior layout and objects around the location of the device. Location specificity also means that preparedness and response instructions delivered to their users by active mobile applications are customized according to the attributes of their locations.

Current Scenario Effectiveness is limited due to Alert xmlns: … Sender: Central Weather Bureau Status: Actual MsgType: Alert Scope: Public Info Category: Geo Event: Earthquake Urgency: Immediate Severity: Strong Certainty: Observed Description: A strong earthquake measuring 7.8 occurred in … Parameters: Magnitude, depth, … Areas: Polygons specifying affected areas Resources: … … Effectiveness is limited due to Non-specificity of alerts Limitation in human reaction time to take advantage Other EAS and CMAS 2 2018/9/11

Walk in indicated directions A Future Scenario Alert xmlns: … Sender: Central Weather Bureau Status: Actual MsgType: Alert Scope: Public Info Category: Geo Event: Earthquake Urgency: Immediate Severity: Strong Certainty: Observed Description: A strong earthquake measuring 7.8 occurred in … Parameters: Magnitude, depth, … Areas: Polygons specifying affected areas Resources: … … Earthquake, Stay calm, Walk in indicated directions Picture of Taiwan from http://www.birding2asia.com/tours/Taiwan.html Active use of alerts 4

iGaDs (Active Devices) in Smart Homes and Buildings (AlertType == Earthquake) AND (Magnitude >= 6) OR (AlertType == Tornado) AND (Severity >= 3) AND (OutsideAirPressure * THRESHOLD_RATIO < InsideAirPressure) iGaD CAP-aware elevator controller CAP-aware building management system CAP-aware entry access controller (AlertType == Earthquake) AND (Magnitude>= 7.5) OR (AlertType == Tornado) AND (Severity >= 4) 5

Technology Enablers Accurate and timely disaster prediction Wide adoption of XML-based international standard alert message format Platforms for authenticating authorized alert senders and dissemination of alerts Increasing adoption and use of building information and facility management digital data exchange standards “BIM-level 3, digital building information exchange”, http://www.aecdsl.com/bim-level-3-the-future-of-building-information-exchange/ DRBoaST

Delivery of fine-scale location-specific data and instructions Location-specific emergency response instructions 3D coordinates of this location & URL of nearby stores Fine-scale, location-specific decision support data

Gateway Wide Area Network Lbeacon data BeDIPS monitor and Testing programs Lbeacon- URL mapping BeDIS server BeDI Repository BeDIPS delivers to Bluetooth devices 3D coordinates & location descriptions with 3-10 meter horizontal accuracy BeDI mist delivers location-specific data and instructions using micros data servers

On IPS: A market arena full of Indoor Positioning Systems work where GPS does not. On IPS: A market arena full of Big players, including Google, Apple, Microsoft, Qualcomm, Broadcom and so on 100 startups and 540+ investors according to AngleList as of August 16, 2017 A playground for diverse technologies, including Triangulation of using WiFi, cell, and FM signals Fingerprints of magnetic signals of the building and WiFi and FM signals in the building Measurements of light, acoustic, ultra wideband and low frequency signals, and Proximity beacons Sources of information: https://angel. co/indoor-positioning D. Schneider, “New Indoor Navigation Technologies Work Where GPS Can’t,” IEEE Spectrum, November 2013. D. Dodge, “Leaders in Indoor Location Positioning technology,” April 2013, http://dondodge.typepad.com/the_next_big_thing/2013/04/leaders-in-indoor-location-positioning-technology.html, (last retrieved: August 2015) D.Dodge, “Indoor Location startups innovating Indoor Positioning,” June 2013, http://dondodge.typepad.com/the_next_big_thing/2013/06/indoor-location-startups-innovating-indoor-positioning.html (last retrieved: August 2013) DRBoaST

IPS for large public buildings Works without Internet Stays responsive in presence of mass crowd Is easy to install & maintain Remains accurate despite movement of people & things Serves both feature and smart phones Picture of rush hour in Singapore: http://forums.hardwarezone.com.sg/eat-drink-man-woman-16/%5Bnews%5D-packed-stations-circle-line-after-rush-hour-disruption-4983421.html Upper right corner: http://www.ihsairport360.com/article/5813/montreal-s-loss-is-haiti-s-gain

Lbeacons (Location beacons) Bluetooth smart ready devices in BeDIPS Stores and broadcasts its 3D coordinates and location description Provides 3-5 m (or 5-10 m) horizontal location accuracy with zero vertical error Is compatible with Bluetooth 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 devices No APP and indoor maps required

LBRMS database BeDI repository BeDIP & LBRMS servers BE:EF:F0:0D:CA:FE & 3D coordinates LBeacon BE:EF:F0:0D:CA:FE Registered Bluetooth smartband Carts, chairs, etc with Bluetooth smart tags.

Practical Challenges In a major transport hub (e.g., Frankfurt Airport): There may be 50,000 smoke detectors. 100,000 Lbeacons may be used to achieve the desired location accuracy (e.g., 5-10 meters) Where should the beacons be placed ? How to pinpoint the chosen location of each Lbeacon and install it there? How to systematically and reliably maintain the system during remodeling? DRBoaST 20

BeDI Repository BeDIS server FM Lbeacon data BeDIPS monitor and Testing programs Lbeacon- URL mapping BeDI Repository BeDIS server Picture from http://www.marvelitech.com/images/data-maintenance-services/ 3 168 27 4 21

Current Work and Plans Pilot studies on BeDIS To assess the usability and effectiveness of BeDIPS and BeDI mist in real-life operating conditions: Possible test sites: Nangang Station, NTUH, Sogo Collaborators: Accton, Taipei City, TRA, Sogo To develop applications using BeDIS as a platform: Navigation: general and special purpose Tracking of people and equipment Personalized, location specific marketing Research and development: A framework for building quality assured AERS Security and safety of large active systems

Thank You! Picture from http://hcsin.wikispaces.com/glossary+by+c-o+'14 24