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Presentation transcript:

First five True or false? If false, correct to make true Monomers are made of many polymers Hydrolysis reactions produce water Glycogen is a polysaccharide Cellulose is the main source of energy for humans Starch is a disaccharide Amylose chains in starch have a branched structure.

Today’s Announcements Cell Structure Unit Exam Corrections due no later than, Thursday, February 27 Quiz: Carbohydrates & Lipids Friday, February 28 [Gold 1]

Why don't water and oil mix? Lipids What is Fat? http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-is-fat-george-zaidan Why don't water and oil mix? http://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-don-t-oil-and-water-mix-john-pollard

Why do we need fat? What biological purposes do you think it serves? What do ear wax, hormones, cholesterol, and whale blubber all have in common? Why do we need fat? What biological purposes do you think it serves?

What substances contain lipids?

Lipids Lipids molecules include Lipids are non-polar triglycerides (fats and oils) waxes steroids Lipids are non-polar lipids do not dissolve in water Phospholipids make up all cell membranes.

Main functions of lipids 1. Long term energy storage 2. Protection against heat loss (insulation) 3. Protection against physical shock 4. Protection against water loss 5. Chemical messengers (hormones) 6. Major component of membranes (phospholipids)

Main functions of lipids 1. Long term energy storage 2. Protection against heat loss (insulation) 3. Protection against physical shock 4. Protection against water loss 5. Chemical messengers (hormones) 6. Major component of membranes (phospholipids)

Triglycerides Composed of 1 glycerol unit and 3 fatty acids Commonly called “fats” and “oils”

Fatty acid structure Unsaturated fatty acids Saturated fatty acids No carbon double bonds Typically solids at room temperature More common in animals Have a double bond somewhere between the carbons Have less hydrogen than a saturated fatty acid Melt more easily Typically liquids at room temperature More common in plants

(A)Saturated or (B)unsaturated?

(A)Saturated or (B)unsaturated?

Saturated vs. unsaturated: similar but different

Saturated vs. unsaturated fats

What type of reaction do you think attaches the fatty acids onto glycerol? Glycerol + 3 Fatty Acids Triglyceride + 3 Water

Triglyceride models Follow the instructions on the handout to make models showing 2d- Triglyceride shape

Hydrophilic – “water loving” Hydrophobic – “water hating" PhosphoLipids Hydrophilic – “water loving” Hydrophobic – “water hating" Phospholipids make up all cell membranes and play a large role in determining what gets in and out of the cell. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions give phospholipids their unique properties. ISIS/Draw is FREE!

Structure of phospholipids Hydrophobic 2 fatty acids+1 phosphate group one end is soluble in water (phosphate group) Hydrophilic

Structure of phospholipids Identify the following: Glycerol Saturated fatty acid Unsaturated fatty acid Phosphate group

Practice with Vocab: Frayer Models In your notebook, Create a frayer model for the following topics: Lipids, triglycerides, and phospholipids Definition: Characteristics: Drawing of structure: Example: (Write topic here)

Practice Begin Lipids Practice Problems Complete as homework. Due Thursday.

Exit ticket: How does the structure of a lipid relate to its function Exit ticket: How does the structure of a lipid relate to its function? Write 2-3 sentences.