Agenda: Monday 10/25/10 Bell Work Guided Notes-Electron Configuration Reminders: Homework due Friday Bell Work Guided Notes-Electron Configuration Electron Configuration Practice Graph Grades Assign homework

Bell Work: Monday 10/25/10 Pick up some new Bell work paper and complete. On Page 28: Cut and glue AFTER you answer! Describe an electron Define configuration Has a negative charge, very small mass, Located in an electron cloud. Relative arrangement of the parts of something

Electron configuration is the _____________________________________ Electrons are arranged in ____________ of different energy levels. The most stable arrangement of electrons is called the ___________ ___________. This means that all of the ____________ are in the lowest energy orbitals possible. Distribution of orbitals can be visualized with an orbital __________. Orbitals appear in order from lowest _____________ to highest. In our diagram, an ____________ is represented by a “_” and a label. Electrons will be represented by arrows. arrangement of electrons in an atom orbitals ground state electrons diagram energy orbital

Orbital Energy Level Diagram _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5f _7s _ _ _6p _ _ _ _ _5d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4f _6s Level 4 has __ ______ orbital ____ ______ orbitals, ___ _____ orbitals, and ___ f orbitals 1 s _ _ _5p _ _ _ _ _4d 3 p 5 d _5s 7 _ _ _4p _ _ _ _ _3d Level 3 has _________ s orbital, _______ p orbitals, and _______ d orbitals 1 3 _4s _ _ _3p 5 _3s _ _ _2p Level 2 has higher energy. There is one _______orbital and 3 __________ orbitals s _2s p _1s 1 is the lowest energy level. There is one ______ orbital   s

III. When placing electrons into orbitals, you must follow 3 rules. The _________ principle- Each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available. The ________ exclusion principle-No more than 2 ____________ can be placed in any orbital. Electrons have spin-either up or down. Represented as ↑ or ↓ __________ rule-Before a 2nd electron can be put into any orbital, each of the orbitals in that energy level must contain 1 electron of the same spin. Either all up, or all down. __ __ __ 2p aufbau Pauli electrons Hund’s ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑

Let’s apply the rules: a) Hydrogen 1. How many electrons does it have? _____ 1 2. What is the lowest level empty orbital? ______ (Aufbau) 1s 3. __ 1s ↓ 4. We write the electron configuration: 1s1 b) Helium 1. How many electrons does it have? _____ 2 2. What is the lowest level empty orbital? ______ 1s Can I put two electron in 1s? ______ (Pauli) yes 4. What do we know about spin? __________________ The 2 electrons must have opposite spin. 5. __ 1s ↓↑ 6. We write the electron configuration: ________ 1s2

c) Carbon 1. How many electrons does it have? _____ 6 2. Place electrons in orbitals following the rules. 3. __ 1s __ 2s __ __ __ 2p __ 3s __ __ __ 3p __ 4s __ __ __ __ __ 3d ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑ ↑ 4. We write the electron configuration: __________________ 1s22s22p2 d) Nickel 1. How many electrons does it have? _____ 28 2. Place electrons in orbitals following the rules. 3. __ 1s __ 2s __ __ __ 2p __ 3s __ __ __ 3p __ 4s __ __ __ __ __ 3d ↑↓ ↑ ↓ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↓ 4. We write he electron configuration: __________________ 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d8 Now you practice Check your answers on page 917 and 918

Agenda: Monday 10/25/10 Attach Notes to Pages 110-111 Homework Reminders: Homework due Friday Attach Notes to Pages 110-111 Homework Two handouts & Page 113 59-65 Page 114 90,92-93 Page 115 2-4,7,10 Page 147 77-81 Page 148 102-104

Agenda: Tuesday 10/26/10 New Seats Bell Work Reminders: No school tomorrow- Parents-in- touch Homework due Friday New Seats Bell Work Guided Notes-Noble Gas Notation and Valence Electrons Practice Homework Questions?

Bell Work: Tuesday 10/26/10 On Page 28: Give the electron configurations for Neon, Argon, and Krypton. How are these configurations the same? Ne = 1s22s22p6 Ar = 1s22s22p63s23p6 Kr = 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p6 All the orbitals are completely filled. This is why these elements are so unreactive

Quick review of Electron Configuration Example : Vanadium 1. Determine how many electrons _______ 23 2. Place electrons in orbitals filling lowest energy orbitals first ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ __ 1s __ 2s __ __ __ 2p __ 3s __ __ __ 3p __ 4s __ __ __ __ __ 3d 3. Read the electron configuration from the orbital diagram 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d3

Noble gas notation. Noble gases are the 6 gases in the last column of the periodic table. 1. The electron configuration of __________ is 1s22s22p6 This can be written as ______. Neon [Ne] 2. Argon’s electron configuration is ___________________ or [Ar] 1s22s22p63s23p6 3. Only noble gas electron configurations are abbreviated this way. B. Compare electron configuration of Neon and Sodium: 1. Neon = _________ 1s22s22p6 2. Sodium = ______________ 1s22s22p63s1 Sodium’s electron configuration contains Neon’s electron configuration. We can abbreviate the electron configuration of sodium as ___________ [Ne]3s1

C. Practice: Write the full electron configuration of these elements, then use noble-gas notation to write the electron configuration. 1. Magnesium (How do you know which noble gas to start with?) 1s22s22p63s2 [Ne]3s2 Chlorine 1s22s22p63s23p5 [Ne]3s23p5 3. Iron 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d6 [Ar]4s23d6 4. Antimony 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p3 [Kr]5s24d105p3

II. Valence Electrons A. Valence electron’s are the electrons in the atom’s _____________ (highest energy) orbitals. outermost B. Valence electrons determine the ____________ properties of an element, or how it will react. chemical C. Example: Potassium has ____ electrons. Its electron configuration is _________________, or __________ (noble-gas notation). The highest energy level electron is the _____ electron. This is the only valence electron. 19 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 [Ar] 4s1 4s1 D. Example: Carbon has ____ electrons. Its electron configuration is ______________, or _________ (noble-gas notation). The highest energy level electrons are the level 2 electrons. Carbon has ____ valence electrons. 6 1s22s22p2 [He]2s22p2 4

Agenda: Thursday10/28/10 Bell Work Reminders: Homework due Friday Bell Work Continuation/finishing Guided Notes- Electron Configuration Electron Configuration Practice Homework Questions?

Bell Work: Thursday 10/28/10 On Page 29: Write the Isotopic symbol for Lithium-6, list how many protons, electrons and neutrons it has, write the electron configuration; and list the number of valence electrons. p=3, e=3 n=3 1s2s21 Valence e=1

1s22s1 Energy levels are the numbers The orbitals are the letters Electrons are the superscript 1s22s1

III. Electron-dot structures A. Shorthand method to visually represent _____________ electrons valence B. Consists of the element’s ___________ surrounded by dots representing the valence electrons. symbol C. Dots representing valence electrons are placed one at a time on the four sides of the symbol and then paired up until all are used. Example: Nitrogen-electron configuration is [He]2s22p3 Nitrogen has ___ valence electrons. We write the electron dot structure as ________ 5 STOP

Electron Configuration Electron-dot structure Element Number of electrons Electron Configuration Valence electrons Electron-dot structure Lithium 3 [He]2s1 1 Beryllium 4 [He]2s2 2 Boron 5 [He]2s22p1 Carbon 6 [He]2s22p2 Nitrogen 7 [He]2s22p3 Oxygen 8 [He]2s22p4 Fluorine 9 [He]2s22p5 Neon 10 [He]2s22p6

Agenda: Thursday10/28/10 Attach notes to p112-113 Homework Questions? Reminders: Homework due Friday Test Postponed to Monday Attach notes to p112-113 Continuation/finishing Guided Notes- Electron Configuration Homework Questions? Bonus Signatures due tomorrow

Agenda: Friday10/29/10 Reminders: Homework due Today Test on Monday! Get out your homework, I will be spot checking during bell work Bell Work Continuation/finishing Guided Notes- Electron Configuration Homework Questions? Electron Configuration Practice 21

BELL WORK: Friday 10/29/10 On Page 29: For 40K+, list how many protons, electrons and neutrons it has, write the electron configuration; and list the number of valence electrons. What is special about this chemical? p=19, e=18 n=21 1s22s22p63s23p6 Valence e=8 It has lost an electron 22

Agenda: Friday10/29/10 Reminders: Homework due Today Test on Monday! Continuation/finishing Guided Notes- Electron Configuration Homework Questions? Electron Configuration Practice Test MONDAY! 23

Practice problems

Choose at least one of the statements below, and write a practice problem (with answer) that illustrates the statement. Let me know which statement you are illustrating. Do not use any of the problems we have used in class. No atomic orbital can contain more than two electrons. Electrons in the same atom with the same spin must be in different orbitals. Electrons in the same orbital of the same atom must have different spins.