BIOCHEMISTRY

A little ‘inorganic’ review. But first… A little ‘inorganic’ review.

Inorganic Compounds- compounds not made by living things but necessary for life. Includes 1. Oxygen O2 2. Water H2O 3. Carbon Dioxide CO2

O2- H2O- 1.

Cohesion Adhesion

2. 3. 4.

CO2-

Organic Compounds- any compound of carbon and another atom or radical

Monomers-a molecule that can combine with others to form a polymer Monomers-a molecule that can combine with others to form a polymer. Organic compounds are composed of these small basic units

Polymers- large molecules made up of many simple repeated units

Dehydration Synthesis or Polymerization

Carbon Compounds

Carbohydrates- compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of: 1 C : 2 H :1 O

Monosaccharides- C₆H₁₂O₆ Disaccharides- C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ (why not C₁₂H₂₄O₁₂ Monosaccharides- C₆H₁₂O₆ Disaccharides- C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ (why not C₁₂H₂₄O₁₂?) Polysaccharides-

Benedict’s Test for Monosaccharides

Iodine Test for Polysaccharides (starch)

Lipids and Fats- generally, molecules that are insoluble in water used by the body to store energy. Glycerol 3 Fatty Acids

3 Types of Lipids FATS OILS WAXES

Sudan Test for Lipids

Brown Paper Test for Lipids

Proteins- macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen and phosphorus organized into monomers called AMINO ACIDS. Also referred to as Polypeptides.

Biuret Test for Proteins