Satellite Communications DirecTV and Satellite Radio

Overview Direct Broadcast Satellite Satellite Radio DirecTV Background Common Technology Competitors XM SIRIUS WorldSpace

Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) Refers to either Television Service Satellites which deliver service Mini-dish systems Parabolic Surface Focuses incoming signals into Feed Horn Reflects outgoing signals into narrow beam Main part Consists of Low Noise Blockdown Converter (LNB)

Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) Typical System Operates in upper Ku Band (12 GHz to 14 GHz) Legislation C Band Proprietary equipment needed Encryption Smart Card Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) Operates in C-Band (3.4 GHz to 7 GHz)

DirecTV Good TV, Better TV, DirecTV Technology Satellites Three geostationary satellites Two more to be launched 18 x 20 in elliptical dish 5 LNB’s High Definition Access Cards D2/P12 – Current Issue Law suits ISO-7186 Smart Card Device MPEG-II Compression 270 Mbps down to 10 Mbps

Satellite Fleet Satellite Orbital slot Launch date Satellite type DirecTV-1 110.0° W 17 December 1993 Hughes Electronics HS-601 DirecTV-2 100.8° W 3 August 1994 DirecTV-1R 10 October 1999 Hughes Electronics HS-601HP DirecTV-4S 101.2° W 27 November 2001 DirecTV-5 72.5° W 7 May 2002 Space Systems/Loral LS-1300 DirecTV-6 109.8° W 9 March 1997 DirecTV-7S 119.0° W 4 May 2004 DirecTV-8 101.0° W 22 May 2005 DirecTV-9S 101.1° W 13 October 2006 SPACEWAY-1 102.8° W 26 April 2005 Boeing BSS-702 SPACEWAY-2 99.2° W 16 November 2005 DirecTV-10, 11, 12 TBD Est. 2007

Satellite Radio Background Digital Audio Radio Service (DARS) Established in 1992 Operates in S-Band (2.3 GHz) 4 Second Delay Main Competitors North America XM and Sirius Europe, Middle East, Africa WorldSpace Terrestrial Repeaters (Cell Towers)

XM Radio Technology Satellites Two geostationary satellites XM Rhythm at 115° west XM Blues at 85° west Replaced previous XM Rock and XM Roll Third as a spare Uses 12.5 MHz of S band: 2332.5 to 2345.0 MHz GM, Honda

XM Ground Repeaters

SIRIUS Radio Technology Satellites BMW, Daimler-Benz, VAG Three Medium Earth Orbit Extremely Elliptical Path At least one satellite for 14 hours per day. Positions Radiosat 1, Radiosat 2, Radiosat 3 Fourth as a spare BMW, Daimler-Benz, VAG

SIRIUS

WorldSpace Technology Satellites Operates in L-Band (1.467 GHz to 1.492 GHz) Satellites AfriStar, AsiaStar, AmeriStar

Summary Direct Broadcast Satellite Satellite Radio DirecTV XM, SIRIUS, WorldSpace Background Technology Satellites