Article III Judicial Branch

Seated left to right: Justice Anthony M Seated left to right: Justice Anthony M. Kennedy, Justice John Paul Stevens, Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr., Justice Antonin Scalia, Justice Clarence Thomas. Standing left to right: Justice Samuel Anthony Alito, Jr., Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Justice Stephen G. Breyer, Justice Sonia Sotomayor http://www.supremecourthistory.org/history/supremecourthistory_history_current.htm

Sandra Day O’Connor David Souter

Section 1 “judicial Power of the United States shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.” Judges hold their offices during good behavior and be compensated

http://www.britannica.com/eb/art/print?id=92665&articleTypeId=0 Pres. George W. Bush posing with members of the U.S. Supreme Court during Chief Justice John Roberts's investiture ceremony, Oct. 3, 2005.

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Section 2 (Jurisdiction) Judicial power extends to all cases under United States law Original Jurisdiction – “all Cases affecting Ambassadors…and those in which a State shall be Party” Trial of all crimes (except impeachment) will be by a Jury trial

Section 3 (Treason) Treason – War against the US, “adhering to Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort.” Need two witnesses and/or confession to convict of treason “Corruption of Blood?”

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Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito is sworn in by Chief Justice John G Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito is sworn in by Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr., on February 1, 2006, in the East Room of the White House, as Alito’s wife, Martha-Ann, their son Phil, and daughter Laura, look on. http://www.uscourts.gov/ttb/02-06/alito/index.html

Judiciary Act of 1789 September 24, 1789 Chief Justice plus 5 Associate Justices Established Federal Judiciary Created 13 Districts for Federal System

First Supreme Court Associate Justices: Chief Justice John Jay (NY) John Rutledge (SC) James Wilson (PA) William Cushing (MA) James Iredell (NC) John Blair, Jr. (VA)

Supreme Court Oath of Office (Sec. 8) “I, ______do solemnly swear or affirm, that I will administer justice without respect to persons, and do equal right to the poor and to the rich, and that I will faithfully and impartially discharge and perform all the duties incumbent on me as , according to the best of my abilities and understanding, agreeably to the constitution, and laws of the United States. So help me God."

Section 13 “And be it further enacted, That the Supreme Court shall have exclusive jurisdiction of all controversies of a civil nature, where a state is a party, except between a state and its citizens; and except also between a state and citizens of other states…” “The Supreme Court…shall have power to issue…writs of mandamus, in cases warranted by the principles and usages of law, to any courts appointed, or persons holding office, under the authority of the United States.”

Section 25 Gave Supreme Court rulings the power of final decision Supreme Court rulings “shall have the same effect, as if the judgment or decree complained of had been rendered or passed in a circuit court”

Section 35 And there shall also be appointed a meet person, learned in the law, to act as attorney-general for the United States, who shall be sworn or affirmed to a faithful execution of his office; whose duty it shall be to prosecute and conduct all suits in the Supreme Court in which the United States shall be concerned, and to give his advice and opinion upon questions of law when required by the President of the United States, or when requested by the heads of any of the departments, touching any matters that may concern their departments, and shall receive such compensation for his services as shall by law be provided.