An Age of Invention: the late 1800’s The U. S An Age of Invention: the late 1800’s The U.S. soon became known as the land of inventions.

AIM: Identify new inventions of the late 1800s and early 1900s and describe their impact on the U.S. industrial revolution. Imagine that NY will hold the 2016 World’s Fair to showcase recent significant inventions. What three inventions/items should be included at the Fair? Why? Be prepared to share.

By 1890: 21,000 new inventions a year These new inventions helped industry to grow and become more efficient. How?

Advances in Communication: Telegraph: 1844, Samuel B. Morse Transatlantic Cable: 1858 Telephone: 1876: Alexander Graham Bell 54,000 in 1880 to 1.5 million in 1900 Electric Power Plant: Thomas Edison Research lab in Menlo Park, NJ: invention factory: A team of experts refined and developed Edison’s ideas.

Inventions for everyday use Typewriter Camera (George Eastman- 1888) The refrigerated rail car What industry did this help? Why? What is a patent? An exclusive right to manufacture or sell an invention

The Bessemer Process 1850s: Henry Bessemer discovered a way to make steel more easily and less expensive Allowed several tons of iron to be made into steel in only 10/20 minutes instead of a day or more 1870: 77,000 tons ; 1879: 1 million tons 1873: $100/ton; 1900: $17/ton Why is this important? What was steel used for?

The Automobile Henry Ford revolutionized auto making. He did not invent the car! 1913: Ford introduced the assembly line for the Model T. Car frames edged along a moving belt. Workers add parts as the cars pass by. This allowed for mass production Cars became popular: At first people laughed and were scared. Why do you think so?

Mass Production Change from the Cottage Industry (hand made products) to the use of Mass Production: making large quantities of a product quickly and cheaply to sell at a low rate. What is a favorite item that you have that is made by hand? __________________________. What is a favorite item that you have that is mass produced? ___________________________ Who benefits from mass production? Why?

The Airplane Two Ohio bicycle mechanics: Orville and Wilbur Wright tested hundreds of designs; December 17, 1903 at Kitty Hawk, NC: Orville took off: 12 seconds for 120 feet.

Impact of Inventions in the 2nd Industrial Revolution How did inventions change the way Americans worked (did business)? How did inventions change the way Americans did business and lived?

Assembly line: An arrangement of workers, machines and equipment in which the product being assembled passes consequently from operation to operation until complete. Example: ? Mass Production: the manufacture of goods in a large quantity, often using standardized designs and assembly lines: results in lower costs Example: ? Patent: a government grant that allows only the inventor to make, use, and sell an invention for a certain time

Highlights from the 1876 “World’s Fair” in Philadelphia. Mail Order Catulogue:

You decide: Does the need drive the invention Or Does the invention drive the need?

The # 1 rated invention is the …..