America Becomes a Colonial Power
Spanish-American War
1. Which nation is represented by the central figure in the political cartoon? 2. Who are the figures lying around on the ground? What happened to them? 3. Who is the intended audience? What type of response did the author hope to get from the audience? “You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war William Randolph Hearst
Background: Who? Where? Spain vs. America Philippines, Cuba (Spain’s Colonies)
Background: USA Cuba The Philippines
The Spanish-American War (1898): “That Splendid Little War” How prepared was the US for war?
Why? Help give freedom to Spain’s colonies! Esp. Cuba. Why?
Spain’s Reconcentration Policy What? Civilians were forced into government run camps (with bad conditions) Why? Spain was fighting a guerilla war led by the Cuban Jose Marti and needed to separate “good” from “bad guys How did it lead to war? Made Spain look bad in American eyes
Valeriano Weyler’s “Reconcentration” Policy
Spanish Misrule in Cuba
“Yellow Journalists” Made Americans want war! What? Newspaper created highly exaggerated stories Why? Make more $ if they keep you scared and interested How did it lead to war? Made Americans want war!
“Yellow Journalism” & Jingoism William Randolph Hearst Joseph Pulitzer Hearst to Frederick Remington: You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war! William Randolph Hearst
1. Which nation is represented by the central figure in the political cartoon? 2. Who are the figures lying around on the ground? What happened to them? 3. Who is the intended audience? What type of response did the author hope to get from the audience? “You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war William Randolph Hearst
U.S. gets Involved “Spark” that started the war Why? USS Maine explodes in Havana, Cuba Harbor, Most Americans believe it was Spain’s fault 1976 US Navy analyzed the sunken ship, decided that the hull blew OUT not IN How did it lead to war? “Spark” that started the war
Remember the Maine and to Hell with Spain!
Assignment: Causes of the Spanish American War Selection One of the following assignments: Illustrated Timeline on the causes of the Spanish American War Yellow Journalism Annotated Illustration on the causes of the Spanish American War Cause and Effect Chain on the causes of the Spanish American War
American Economic Interests What? Many of Cuba’s sugar plantations were owned by Americans Why? Protecting their economic interests How did it lead to war? Made Americans more likely to help out Cuba
WAR What Happened at Manila Bay? Surprise naval attack sunk the crumbling Spanish Navy Made Americans feel very superior
Rough Riders Who were the Rough Riders? Teddy Roosevelt resigns as Asst Sec. of the Navy to lead a “Cowboy Calvary” Brought his own photographer Teddy’s popularity from this leads to his becoming v.p. and president
The “Rough Riders”
Rough Riders What famous Battle did they participate in? San Juan Hill African Americans also helped but get no credit
The Spanish-American War (1898): The Philippines
Dewey Captures Manila!
William H. Taft, 1st Gov.-General of the Philippines Great administrator.
The Treaty of Paris: 1898 Cuba was freed from Spanish rule. Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the island of Guam. The U. S. paid Spain $20 mil. for the Philippines. The U. S. becomes an imperial power!
Results US defeats Spain & becomes a world power Teddy Roosevelt elected Vice President in 1900 and becomes President in 1901 when McKinley is shot US must decide what to do about Spain’s former colonies (Phillipines, Puerto Rico, and Cuba)
Our “Sphere of Influence”