Czech National Revival Presented by Míra Paluka, Vojtěch Březina, Martin Le Tien

Czech National Revival It‘s a process that occurred in the Czech lands from about the last third of the 18th century until 1848. Intention : revive Czech language, national identity and culture

The situation before the National Revival Czech language was widely spoken in the Czech lands during the Middle Ages and early modern period. But in 1627 the Habsburgs gained the Czech throne hereditarily. Czech lands suffered from recatholization and germanisation politics of Habsburg emperors. coat of arms of Habsburg clan

Social changes since the mid of 18th century The Austrian Empress Maria Theresa began to introduce reforms. In 1775 she reformed education all children of both genders had to attend school Son of Maria Theresa, Joseph II. realised two important documents in 1781 that had an positive effect on the society. He realised Toleration patent and he abolished serdom. People were able to move without limits, study, do business, etc.. which had a huge importance. The negative effect was declaration of German language as an official language of the state, and also at schools it was taught only in German Maria Theresa

PROCESS OF NATIONAL REVIVAL The main force behind the National Revival was Czech intelligence (scientists, artists, priests, teachers etc..)  national revivalists They found their inspiration not only in history, but also in other Slavic nations They wanted to improve the general education of common people.

1) Defensive period Josef Dobrovský defence of the Czech language focuses on the past (inspiration in classicism and enlightenment) the most important personality of this period was a linguist Josef Dobrovský. he wrote History of the Czech language and literature Josef Dobrovský

2) Offensive period Josef Jungmann they attempted to produce more artistic works  they wanted to show that Czech language is as good as the German language most important personality was the linguist Josef Jungmann he wrote Czech – German dictionary Josef Jungmann

SUMMARY rebirth of culture life (theatre, literature, music etc…), national pride and interest in Czech language and Czech culture construction of the National theatre