# 7 Demographic Data Cause and Effect

Hook- Make two assumptions about this student based on their progress report. Record your response in your spiral

Again, make two assumptions about this student based on their progress report. Record your response in your spiral.

Hook- Discussion Will these students be 10th graders next year?? Why or why not? Use evidence from the two progress reports to support your answers. Have a class discussion about the possibilities. Teacher informs students that just as you made predictions about students and classes , Geographers use statistical information to make predictions about a place and its people. Students will be learning the tools ( Density maps & pyramids) and terms that geographers use to analyze data and make predictions about countries (we will ook at ones in Africa)

Economic Development More Developed Countries (MDC): term used to describe countries with a high standard of living or HDI based on a number of criteria. Germany Canada Norway

Niger Malawi Yemen Less Developed Countries (LDC): term used to describe countries with a low standard of living or HDI based on a number of criteria.

Cape Town, South Africa Lumpia, Philippines Brazil Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs): moving from less to more developed economies

Indicators HDI- Human development Index- measures a country’s standard of living in three basic aspects of human development: life expectancy, adult literacy rate and the GDP per capita. Can take value between 0 and 1. 0.800 (High) 0.500 - 0.800 (Medium) Below 0.500 (Low)

World map indicating the Human Development Index (based on 2010 data, published on November 4, 2010)      0.900 and over      0.850–0.899      0.800–0.849       0.750–0.799        0.700–0.749 0.650–0.699       0.600–0.649       0.550–0.599       0.500–0.549       0.450–0.499 0.400–0.449       0.350–0.399       0.300–0.349       under 0.300       Data unavailable

Demographic Indicators Life expectancy- the number of years a person is expected to live. Birth rate- The number of births in a given time and place. Death rate- The number of deaths per 1000, of the population in a given place and time.

Demographic Indicators Infant mortality- The number children ages 0- 1 dying divided by the number of live births that year.

Economic Indicators- GDP- Gross Domestic Product, the total value of all goods and services produced within a country over a certain period of time. GDP per capita- the average amount of money earned by each person in country. Student need to copy the vocabulary for the terms in their notes.

Social Indicators- Literacy rate- The percentage of the population aged 10 years and over, who are able to read and write at least one language.

Population Density Population Density – number of people who live in a given area.

Population Pyramids: Population pyramid- Graphs showing the distribution of a population by sex, age, ect.

Developing Countries Indicators of… LOW GDP Non -industrialized Low HDI LOW GDP Non -industrialized LOW Literacy rate SHORT Life Expectancy Developing Countries

Indicators of… Developed Countries High HDI High GDP Industrialized High Literacy rate LONG Life Expectancy Developed Countries

We can use this information in a number of ways to make predictions about a place and it’s people. For example…

Which type of country is this? Developed or Developing?? Low GDP High Birth Rate & Infant mortality rate Low Life expectancy rate Standard of living Literacy UNSKILLED WORFORCE Few improvements in technology or healthcare No industrialization Country XYZ

What can you tell about this country? High Literacy More reliable workforce Citizens earn more money Higher GDP High HDI Improvement in healthcare Longer life expectancy Improvements in technology Industrialization Students analyze the flow chart to determine the type of country. Country ABC

Developed Countries High HDI High GDP Industrialized High Literacy rate LONG Life Expectancy Developed Countries

How about this one? This pyramid of the Philippines shows a triangle-shaped pyramid and reflects a high growth rate of about 2.1 percent annually. Finally they will see a typical population pyramid chart, POINT out to students that is what they will usually look like on your exams. Bar graph style.

And this one? The population is growing at a rate of about 1.7 percent annually. This growth rate is reflected in the more square-like structure of the pyramid. Note the lump in the pyramid between the ages of about 35 to 50. This large segment of the population is the post-World War II "baby boom." As this population ages and climbs up the pyramid, there will be a much greater demand for medical and other geriatric services.

This one? Germany is experiencing a period of negative growth (-0.1%). As negative growth in a country continues, the population is reduced. A population can shrink due to a low birth rate and a stable death rate. Increased emigration may also be a contributor to a declining population.

A strange profile shape can arise when a country has a large number of immigrant “guest workers” who are employed in a specific industry. This is most evident in the Middle East, where millions of mostly Asian migrant work in petroleum-related industries. This profile shows the unusually large number of middle aged men, indicating the presence of guest workers.

Population that has experienced war or other catastrophes can often have strange shapes as well. Notice the unusually small number of people 20-24 and up. From 1975-1979, nearly 2 million Cambodians died under the regime of Pol Pot. This genocide decimated the population and caused birth rates to plummet.