A Time of Crisis in Europe; The Byzantine Empire

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Presentation transcript:

A Time of Crisis in Europe; The Byzantine Empire

The Black Death By 1348, Black Death had reached Europe 1 in 3 people died Bubonic plague spread by fleas on rats Resulted in panic Christians blamed the Jews for the plague

Effects of the Black Death Production declined (workers died) Surviving workers demanded higher wages, which led to rising prices Landowners abandoned farming, which forced villagers to look for work in towns. Led to peasant revolts

The Hundred Year’s War Cause: When Edward III of England claimed the French crown, war broke out between England and France. Joan of Arc: Peasant woman who led the French to several victories. Burned at the stake by the English. Later declared a saint.

Effects of the Hundred Year’s War In France, feelings of national pride grew & kings expanded their power In England, Parliament gained the “power of the purse” Castles & knights became obsolete Monarchs needed large armies instead of feudal vassals

The Byzantine Empire Constantinople: Vital center of the empire Blended & preserved ancient Greek & Roman cultures with other traditions of the Mediterranean world.

The Age of Justinian Justinian: Emperor who brought the Byzantine Empire to its greatest size. Hagia Sophia Project to beautify Constantinople Church improved on early Roman traditions

The Age of Justinian Justinian is best remembered for his reform of the law: Justinian’s Code Collect, revise & organize all laws of ancient Rome Massive collection of laws that included all laws passed by Roman assemblies or decreed by Roman emperors Justinian ruled as an autocrat- sole ruler with complete authority

Byzantine Christianity Differences East & West Byzantine Christians rejected the Pope’s claim to authority over all Christians Dispute over the use of icons- holy images Byzantine Christians were praying to icons, emperor outlawed it Resulted in a permanent schism between the Byzantine (Eastern Orthodox) and Roman Catholic Church Schism: permanent division in a church

Crisis and Collapse In 1453, Constantinople falls to the Ottomans The previously Christian city was renamed Istanbul & The Hagia Sophia became an Islamic house of worship

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