PATHWAYS 2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING Unit 3 National Geographic, Heinle CENGAGE Learning Elizabeth Celeste Coiman-Lopez, BAT, MS Houston Community College, School of Continuing Education

Unit 3 - p.46 PRONUNCIATION – Reduced Function Words RULES: Some words in a sentence are said softer and quickly. For example: ARTICLES: a, an, the PREPOSITIONS: to, for, of CONJUNCTIONS: and, or, but AUXILIARY VERBS: is, have, can PRONOUNS and verb TO BE as the main verb I hear the phone ringing. There’s a message for Juhar. What are you reading? Unit 3 - p.46 PRONUNCIATION – Reduced Function Words

Unit 3 - p.49 GRAMMAR – Past Continuous (Past Progressive) RULES: 1.Use it to talk about actions in progress at a certain time in the past. DinYi was living in New York in 2003. In 2007, Wladimir was working for a computer company. 2.Use it with the simple past to show that one action happened (interrupted) when another action was in progress. I was taking a shower when you called. -When you called, I was taking a shower. We saw a beautiful bird while we were walking home. -While we were walking home, we saw a beautiful bird. 3.Use it to talk about two actions that were in progress at the same time. Mao was studying while his friends were watching videos. -While his friends were watching videos, Jason was studying. I was listening to music while I was cooking dinner. -While I was cooking dinner, I was listening to music. Unit 3 - p.49 GRAMMAR – Past Continuous (Past Progressive)

Use adjectives ending in –ed to describe how a person feels. RULES: Use adjectives ending in –ed to describe how a person feels. I was very excited to hear so much Roma music at tonight’s concert. I’m interested in learning more about the Roma people. Use adjectives ending in –ing to describe the thing that causes the feeling. . I think gypsy traditions and customs are very exciting. I think they are very interesting. I think getting a present is exciting. Unit 3 - p.59 GRAMMAR – Adjectives ending in -ed and -ing PARTICIPIAL ADJECTIVES