Finding Places in the Past: What’s in a Name?

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Presentation transcript:

Finding Places in the Past: What’s in a Name? Mingora, nw of islamabad – pindi (Swat) Gilgit (Northern Area) Skardu (Baltistan) site of K2 8611m Mt Godwin Austen aka Dapsang aka Chogori (in Balti) Baltis are Muslims of Tibetan ancestry Ali Abad (Hunza) Khunjrab (pass) Kashghar (Sinkiang, China) Beijing (Peking, China) Besham Lex Berman China Historical GIS Center for Geographic Analysis, Harvard PACSL - Philadelphia - Nov 2005

  ? ? ? ? ? ? Khunjerab Khunjirap (pass) (gap) Khunjrab Kashgar Kashiga’er Kashi (Sinkiang) (Xinjiang, China) Kashghar  ? Peking Pekin Pei-p’ing Nanjing Dadu Yanjing Khabalik Shuntianfu (China) (China) Beijing ? (China) (People’s Republic of China) (Republic of China)  (Zhonghua renmin gongheguo) (Zhongguo) (People’s Republic of China) (PRC) (China)

USE FOR USE gaps Broader Term Narrower Term Related Term Related Term: PartOf = Xinjiang Broader Term: Physiographic Features many gaps defiles passes one

digital gazetteer placename feature type footprint valid date source note

core elements of a digital gazetteer admin unit, populated place, natural feature, religious site, archaeological site, trade route, place where an event occurred, etc placename feature type city, village, mountain, temple, ruin, trade route, etc footprint latitude and longitude for each feature valid date date or range of time for which this record is valid source note citation of data source, commentary on feature core elements of a digital gazetteer

functionality of a digital gazetteer alternate spellings / names administrative context temporal sequence entry related entry type related type feature type thesaurus interoperability differentiating identical placenames differentiating footprints disambiguation coordinate x, y pair in decimal degrees bounding box generic grid reference spatial object in GIS format related footprint functionality of a digital gazetteer

subject: San Ta Temple place: Dali, Yunnan date: 2001

Zhongguo fosizhi zongkan (Fosizhi)

Da Qing yitongzhi (Yitongzhi) page from Yitongzhi Da Qing yitongzhi (Yitongzhi)

Chugoku no ji’in (Yajima Index)

Comparison of contents - Yitongzhi & Yajima

georeferencing temple records, Yajima sites

georeferencing temple records, CHGIS tables

georeferencing temple records, map view

density of temples at each location

desirable metadata: placename feature type footprint valid date source note street names, complete addresses, building names, parcel or open space names, natural feature names Alexandria Digital Library Feature Type Thesaurus coordinates, bounding box, generic grid reference valid date (be careful of format!) citations are often lacking

China Historical GIS Project website: www.fas.harvard.edu/~chgis