Danielle Short, BSN, RN, SCRN Lead Stroke Coordinator SIH

Discussion today About Stroke Stroke Prevention Stroke Recognition and Notification Stroke Network

Community Education Goal Decrease disability and death from stroke by: Preventing strokes from ever occurring Primary Prevention Rapid treatment when strokes do occur Symptom Recognition and Response Post stroke follow-up and care - Secondary Prevention

Stroke is the number ____ cause of death in the united States? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5 E. 7

What is another name for stroke? A. Heart attack B. Brain attack C. Myocardial infarction D. Respiratory arrest E. None of the above

An ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel to the brain. A. True B. False

What percentage of stroke can be prevented with healthy behaviors? A. 10% B. 25% C. 50% D. 80% E. 95%

Which of these lifestyle factors plays the biggest role in increasing the risk for stroke in younger adults? A. Being overweight B. Little or no exercise C. High blood pressure D. Smoking E. Texting while driving

Which of these is a symptom of stroke? A. Sudden confusion B. Sudden weakness in an arm or leg C. Sudden severe headache with no cause D. Sudden trouble seeing E. All of the above

If a person has an ischemic stroke, how quickly should the person be treated to minimize long-term problems? A. As soon as possible B. Within 30 minutes C. Within 1 hour D. Within 3 hours E. Within 8 hours

Which type of medicine is given to help prevent a stroke? A. Medicine to prevent clots from forming B. Blood-thinner medicine C. Clot-busting medicine D. A and B E. All of the above

Which of these may be a long-term problem after a stroke? A. Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body B. Problems with thinking or memory C. Problems with language D. Pain in the hands and feet E. All of the above

The best thing to do if you notice someone is having a stroke? A. Immediately begin performing CPR B. Wait to see if the symptoms go away C. Call 911 immediately D. Drive to the nearest emergency room E. Phone a friend and get their opinion

You should give an aspirin to a person who is possibly having a stroke. A. True B. False

Stroke Statistics Stroke is the number 5 cause of death Leading cause of disability Approximately 795,000 people suffer a stroke each year Which means every 40 seconds someone is having a stroke Kills more than 133,000 people each year

What is a stroke? A stroke is a brain injury caused when a blood vessel to the brain becomes blocked or bursts, cutting off blood flow and oxygen to the brain.

Types of Stroke Ischemic (Blockage) 87% - Caused by a blockage in the blood vessels to the brain Hemorrhagic (Bleeding) 13% - Caused by an aneurysm that burst or a leaking blood vessel in the brain

Causes for an Ischemic Stroke Thrombus- caused by a blood clot that develops in the blood vessel Embolic stroke- caused by a blood clot or plaque debris that develops elsewhere in the body and then travels to one of the blood vessels in the brain

Causes for Hemorrhagic Stroke The number 1 cause of bleeding is Hypertension!!! Aneurysms: a ballooned area of the vessel that was caused by a weakened artery wall Arteriovenous malformation (AVM): an abnormal connection between arteries and veins.

Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) TIAs are “warning strokes” that can happen before a major stroke Blood flow in brain artery is briefly blocked TIA symptoms are temporary or referred to as “mini-stroke” 40% of people who have had a TIA will later have a stroke A TIA is a medical emergency

80% of all Strokes are Preventable

Stroke prevention Diet and exercise Control high blood pressure Lower cholesterol Prevent/ manage diabetes Don’t smoke Avoid excessive alcohol

Stroke Prevention Continued Mange Atrial Fibrillation (A-fib) Medication compliance Follow-up appointments Support groups Know your family history Other risk factors

AHA/ASA Treat Stroke F.A.S.T (PSA)

Face - facial drooping, uneven smile Arm or leg- weakness, numbness, tingling, or difficulty moving arm and leg on one side of the body Speech- slurred speech, difficulty understanding or speaking Time- call 911 and get to the hospital immediately, short window of treatment ***Any one of these signs means a person could be having a stroke

Stroke symptoms in addition to F.A.S.T. SUDDEN Confusion Trouble seeing in one or both eyes Trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination Severe headache with no known cause, “worse headache of my life”

If you think someone is having a stroke Immediately call 911 or the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) number Check the time so you know when the first symptoms started

SIH Stroke network Provides emergent LOCAL care of acute stroke without time delays Keeps patients at their local hospitals, while only transferring those who require a higher level of care Keeps patients in the region, as close to home and family as possible

Stroke is the number ____ cause of death in the united States? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5 E. 7

What is another name for stroke? A. Heart attack B. Brain attack C. Myocardial infarction D. Respiratory arrest E. None of the above

An ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel to the brain. A. True B. False

What percentage of stroke can be prevented with healthy behaviors? A. 10% B. 25% C. 50% D. 80% E. 95%

Which of these lifestyle factors plays the biggest role in increasing the risk for stroke in younger adults? A. Being overweight B. Little or no exercise C. High blood pressure D. Smoking E. Texting while driving

Which of these is a symptom of stroke? A. Sudden confusion B. Sudden weakness in an arm or leg C. Sudden severe headache with no cause D. Sudden trouble seeing E. All of the above

If a person has an ischemic stroke, how quickly should the person be treated to minimize long-term problems? A. As soon as possible B. Within 30 minutes C. Within 1 hour D. Within 3 hours E. Within 8 hours

Which type of medicine is given to help prevent a stroke? A. Medicine to prevent clots from forming B. Blood-thinner medicine C. Clot-busting medicine D. A and B E. All of the above

Which of these may be a long-term problem after a stroke? A. Paralysis or weakness on one side of the body B. Problems with thinking or memory C. Problems with language D. Pain in the hands and feet E. All of the above

The best thing to do if you notice someone is having a stroke? A. Immediately begin performing CPR B. Wait to see if the symptoms go away C. Call 911 immediately D. Drive to the nearest emergency room E. Phone a friend and get their opinion

You should give an aspirin to a person who is possibly having a stroke. A. True B. False

Reference Materials The American Heart Association (AHA) created the American Stroke Association Division in 1998 after many years of increasing emphasis on stroke. The ASA is dedicated to prevention, diagnosis and treatment to save lives from stroke — America’s No. 5 killer and a leading cause of serious disability. For more information visit: Strokeassociation.org/WarningSigns

Questions?

Help teach our community about stroke! Thank you