FAO - developments, programmes and activities 8th SPC Heads of Fisheries Meeting 4-8 March 2013 Noumea, New Caledonia

Outline General information and recent developments at FAO Brief overview of ABNJ Programme and its projects

Recent developments Modified goal of FAO to “ eradication of hunger” Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Forestry and Fisheries in the Context of National Food Security (Multi) Country Programme Framework (CPF) for the Pacific

Recent developments Voluntary Guidelines on the Criteria on Flag State Performance State of the World’s Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (SoWAqGR FAO Advisory Working Group on Genetic Resources and Technologies Technical Consultation on International Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries (SSF Guidelines)

TUNA - A global perspective Recent developments TUNA - A global perspective

Brief overview of ABNJ Programme and its projects

4. Strengthening Global Capacity to Effectively Manage ABNJ ABNJ Programme 1. ABNJ Tuna Project Sustainable management of tuna fisheries & biodiversity conservation in the ABNJ 2. ABNJ Deep Sea Project Sustainable fisheries management and biodiversity conservation of deep-sea ecosystems in the ABNJ Global sustainable fisheries management and biodiversity conservation in the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) The 5-year ABNJ Program is comprised of 4 projects: 1. The Sustainable Management of Tuna Fisheries and Biodiversity Conservation in the ABNJ. Aims at enhancing fisheries governance; strengthening and harmonization of monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS); reducing ecosystem impact of tuna fishing, including bycatch and associated species. 2. The Sustainable Fisheries Management and Biodiversity Conservation of Deep-Sea Ecosystems in the ABNJ. Aims at improving implementation of existing policy and legal frameworks; reducing adverse impacts on VMEs and EBSAs; improving planning and adaptive management for ABNJ deep-sea fisheries; developing and testing of a methodology for area-based planning. 3. The Ocean Partnership Facility (OPF). Foresees the development of activities and projects for sustainable fisheries in priority seascapes; establishment of the Oceans Innovation Challenge Fund; montoring and evaluation of pilots and challenge grants/lessons learnt. 4. The Strengthening of Global Capacity to Effectively Manage ABNJ aims at improving the global and regional coordination, including exchange of information, on ABNJ issues and focuses on cross-sectoral policy dialogue, capacity development and networking, as well as knowledge management and outreach . FAO is the coordinating agency for the overall ABNJ program as well as the GEF implementing agency for Projects 1 and 4 and the GEF co-implementing agency together with UNEP for Project 2. The World Bank is the GEF implementing agency for Project 3. FAO is also the executing agency (along with partners) for selected project components within Projects 1, 2 and 4. The Program is governed by a Global Steering Committee, advised by a Technical Advisory Group and coordinated by the Global Program Coordination Unit, based at FAO. The World Bank will establish a specific governance structure for the Ocean Partnership Facility. 3. Ocean Partnership Fund 4. Strengthening Global Capacity to Effectively Manage ABNJ

Projects and Implementation Arrangements and Funding GEF grant ABNJ Program Coordination Agency (PCA) is FAO GEF Implementing Agency GEF grant Project 1 (Tuna) FAO USD 30 million Project 2 (Deep-Seas) FAO/UNEP USD 8.4 million Project 3 (OPP) World Bank USD 10 million Project 4 (Global Capacity) USD 1.1 million ABNJ Program Coordination Agency (PCA) is FAO GEF Implementing Agency Executing Partners FAO UNEP, CPPS, NC World Bank IUCN RFMOs WWF, ISSF, BLI GOF NOAA CI Project 1 (Tuna) X   Project 2 (Deep-Seas) FAO/UNEP Project 3 (OPP) Project 4 (Global Capacity) X 

Projects and Implementation Arrangements and Funding Indicative ABNJ Program Coordination Agency (PCA) is FAO GEF Implementing Agency Indicative co-financing Project 1 (Tuna) FAO USD 148 million Project 2 (Deep-Seas) FAO/UNEP USD 29.3 million Project 3 (OPP) World Bank USD 40 million Project 4 (Global Capacity) USD 4.3 million

Sustainable management of tuna fisheries & biodiversity conservation in the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) GCP/GLO/365/GFF

1At time of PIF submission “Tuna project” Sustainable management of tuna fisheries & biodiversity conservation in the ABNJ Executing partners1: GEF Agency: FAO ICCAT International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tuna BLI BirdLife International US$30 millions from GEF 5 years 5:1 co-financing CCSBT Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna IOTC Indian Ocean Tuna Commission ISSF International Seafood Sustainability Foundation Project approach: GEF financing for incremental work to supplement /enhance the existing activities with a catalytic leading to transformational effect FAO Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN NOAA National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration GEF Global Environment Facility WCPFC Western & Central Pacific Fisheries Commission IATTC Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission WWF World Wildlife Fund 1At time of PIF submission 11

GEF Global tuna project A. Promotion of Sustainable Management Incorporation of Harvest Control Rules and Reference Points into T-RFMO Management Measures, Improved Decision-making / Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries, Review and Assessment and enhancement of VDS and Awareness Raising B. Strengthening and Harmonizing MCS to Address IUU MCS "best practices" Identified and Endorsed Implementation of Selected MCS "best practices“ CLAV and GR Development Satellite-based VMS cum EOS in LL & PS Fisheries (Fiji – Ghana) Maximize MCS Tool Synergies Market/trade Policy Traceability Analyses & "best practices" to Reduce IUU

C. Reducing Ecosystem Impacts of Tuna Fishing Improved Information on Bycatch Expanded and Implemented Bycatch Mitigation "best practices" Longline Expanded and Implemented bycatch mitigation "best practices" - Purse Seine Improved and Integrated Shark Management D. M&E, Information Dissemination and Project Management Information Dissemination M&E Project Management

Co-Financing update Partner Amount allocated Prodoc Amount reported to FAO Status FAO $25,000,000 Received WWF $15,000,000 WCPFC $6,347,000 ICCAT $4,334,000 CCSBT $1,300,000 SPC $348,500 PNA $113,800 $370,000 ISSF $2,297,000 ACAP $992,500 NOAA $45,000,000 Govt. of Fiji $335,600 Industry - Fiji $14,883,900 $14,900,000 Industry - Ghana $19,790,000 MSC $150,000 FFA $2,000,000  $2,000,000 Govt. of Ghana $1,118,000   In Prep IOTC $2,534,000 IATTC $6,285,000 BLI $2,900,000 OSPESCA $200,000 TOTAL $150,929,300 $136,164,600

Linkages to other GEF projects GEF –UNDP – FAO Project OFM 2 (FFA – SPC - CSOs) GEF UNDP WPEA 1 tuna project (WCPFC - Vietnam – Indonesia – Philippines) GEF UNDP WPEA 2 tuna project (WCPFC - Vietnam – Indonesia – Philippines) FAO-GEF global tuna project (t-RFOMs - countries – industry – CSOs)

Appreciation to the Pacific Community

Project 2 - Deep-sea Project Sustainable fisheries management and biodiversity conservation of deep-sea ecosystems in the ABNJ Introduction Deep-sea fisheries in the high seas take place at great depths and occur in waters beyond national jurisdiction. Generally, they are conducted at depths below 200 meters, on continental slopes or isolated oceanic topographic structures such as seamounts, ridge systems and banks.The increasing expansion of deep-seas fisheries from coastal waters under national jurisdiction into high seas areas and the potential impact on fish stocks, globally significant biodiversity and critical habitats, has become an issue of international concern. Although deep-sea fisheries in the high seas affect species with diverse life histories and productivity rates, those that have given rise to the most concern are fisheries that affect more vulnerable species (e.g. those with life histories characterized by long lives and low productivity), either as target species or as bycatch and/or impacts the bottom habitat In this respect there has been great concern for the potential negative impact from deep-sea fishing operations and other human activities on deep-sea communities- such as coldwater corals and hydroids, some sponge dominated communities . On the other hand, deep-sea fisheries also constitute a valuable part of ABNJ; FAO estimated that the total global catch in 2006 of approximately 60 deep-sea species was around 250,000 tons or more than US$ 400 million and involved at least 27 flag states.

The FAO Deep-sea Programme

GEF-Funded Deep Seas project ABNJ Programme GEF-Funded Deep Seas project FAO Deep Sea Programme VME Database Project Sust. FI - Deep-sea Project VME and RFMO Deep-sea Project

The FAO Deep-Sea Programme Current and upcoming activities Species identification guides Specific guides for the identification of deepwater species (sharks, corals and sponges) Training for deepwater species identification in major ports Data collection and collaboration with industry Fishing Vessel Execution of Acoustic Surveys for Assessment of Deep-sea Species Manual on data collection for vulnerable deep-sea species Best practices for collaboration between managers / scientists / industry How to improve trust and collaboration

The FAO Deep-Sea Programme Areas of work Global assessments and reviews Alfonsino Workshop January 2012 World Wide Review of Deep-sea Fisheries in the High Seas: Second edition (2007-2010) Best practices for encounter protocols, impact assessments and use of VME criteria Workshops in May 2013 Compilation of Best practices Compilation of historical fisheries data SEAFO area

The FAO Deep-Sea Programme Current and upcoming activities VME Database Regional workshops on VME data Regional meeting Indian ocean July 2012 SE Atlantic (April 2013)

ABNJ Deep-sea Project PROJECT COMPONENTS To enhance sustainability in the use of deep-sea living resources and biodiversity conservation in the ABNJ, through the systematic application of an Ecosystem Approach Improved application of policy and legal frameworks Jointly led by FAO and UNEP with a range of partners include IUCN, the RFMOs, Reg Seas Prog, FI industry and others   The components are: The project has five project components, one of which is under the responsibility of UNEP (COMPONENT 4) Project objective: see slide 1.1 Improved policy and legal frameworks, incorporating obligations and good practices from legal and policy instruments for sustainable fisheries and biodiversity conservation are demonstrated and made available to all competent authorities [regional fisheries management organizations or arrangements (RFMOs/As), Regional Seas Programmes (RSPs), countries, flag and port states as appropriate] and other relevant stakeholders 1.1.1 Implementation guides for all relevant international policy and legal instruments to deep-sea fisheries and biodiversity conservation, are made available to countries, RFMOs, other regional organizations, industry partners and other stakeholders. 1.1.4 Model policy and legal frameworks, enabling sustainable Deep Sea Fisheries (DSF) management and biodiversity conservation at the regional and national levels, are developed and integrated into national legislation in selected countries in at least one region. 1.1.3 Options for Rights-Based Management (RBM) systems and market-based incentives (e.g. trade certification and ecolabelling) are developed and systems tested in at least one selected pilot area 1.1.2 Impediments to the implementation of international policy and legal instruments are identified and remedial measures are developed. 1.2.1 Networks and partnerships, including all stakeholders involved in ABNJ-DSF and biodiversity conservation, are strengthened or set-up when needed, with links to global and regional communities of practice that have been established under the ABNJ Programme. 1.2 Global and regional networks strengthened and expanded when needed 2. Reducing adverse impact on on Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) and Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSAs) 2.1 Improved application of management tools for mitigation of threats to sustainable DSF and biodiversity is demonstrated and tools made available to competent authorities and other relevant stakeholders. 2.1.1 Biological, ecological and economic analyses of DSF and biodiversity in the ABNJ are carried out, in consultation with relevant stakeholders, to enhance ecosystem knowledge and classify risks and threats. 2.1.2 Interactive web databases, for identification and use in mitigation of threats to sustainable DSF and biodiversity in ABNJ, particularly for VMEs and EBSAs, are scaled-up and made available to countries, RFMOs, other regional organizations, industry partners and all stakeholders. 2.1.3 Indicators in terms of species and critical habitats, and their appropriate threshols for VME and EBSA identification are developed in one to two pilot areas, and appropriate managmenet measures for for sustainable fisheries and biodiversity conservation agreed. 2.2 The capabilities of stakeholders, to use the improved management tools for mitigation of threats to sustainble DSF and biodiversity, are substantially increased. 2.2.1 Customized support will be provided to at least ten developing countries to fully integrate best practices for sustainable DSF and biodiversity conservation in their management processes. 2.2.2 Standard technical and operational support on the application of VME and EBSA criteria is improved (including training), for their systematic use by interested countries. 3.1 Planning and management processes for achieving sustainable DSF and biodiversity conservation are improved, tested, and made available to fishing countries and all competent authorities. 3. Improved planning and adaptive management for ABNJ DSF 3.1.1 Best practices, methods and tools for comprehensive management planning , encompassing an ecosystem approach and allowing for adaptive changes, are reviewed and adapted to the special conditions of ABNJ-DSF. 3.1.2 Adaptive management processes and planning, consistent with an ecosystem approach, are demonstrated in at least one pilot area, in close collaboration with countries, RFMOs and fishing industry partners. 3.1.3 Objective-based indicators and reference points (related to target species, catch/bycatch composition, biodiversity, etc) are selected and a related monitoring programme for ABNJ-DSF is tested in a selected pilot area. 3.1.4 Action plan for adoption of best MCS practices, adapted to the specific conditions of ABNJ-DSF, is formulated and adopted in one of the selected pilot areas. 3.1.5 Improved management measures for sustainable fisheries and biodiversity conservation, including: i) encounters with vulnerable species/habitats; (ii) spatial management tools; and iii) fishing operations aimed at mitigating adverse impacts on sensitive habitats and ecosystems, made available to countries, RFMOs and fishing industry. 4. Development and testing of a methodology for area-based planning [UNEP]      4.1 Efficient area-based planning tools and good practices based on ecosystem-based management practices are made available to competent authorities, including regional seas programmes (RSPs) and RFMOs for regional management plans and policies. 4.1.1. Adaptation and further development of available area-based planning tools addressing deep sea ecosystems in ABNJ and connected exclusive economic zones (EEZs). These tools include trade-off analysis, ecosystem service valuation and cost-benefit analysis. 4.1.2. Knowledge and experience sharing from the Northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean concerning deep-sea marine ecosystems and area-based planning to support other competent authorities, including RSPs and RFMOs (linked also to other information sharing initiatives such as e.g. Outcome 1.2) and will be coordinated with the relevant outputs of the Global Capacity Project. 4.2 Area-based planning in ABNJ is incorporated into the regional marine planning processes in selected regions (preliminarily identified as Southeast Pacific and the Western Indian Ocean) through partnerships between competent authorities, including RSPs and RFMO. 4.2.1. Testing of area-based planning tools in the selected regions. The test application will be conducted with close linkage with the other components of this project. 4.2.2 Science-based advice on area-based planning and management applied in regional deep-sea ecosystem planning processes in the selected test regions with engagement of relevant stakeholders and through the partnership between competent authorities, including RSPs and RFMOs. The planning process will also benefit from the information provided through Output 2.1.2 (VME and EBSA data bases).   COMPONENT 5 - PROJECT MONITORING AND EVALUATION (M&E). Pilot testing and demonstration of tools and guidance developed is an integral part throughout the components. Reducing adverse impacts on VMEs and EBSAs Improved planning and adaptive management for ABNJ deep-sea fisheries Development and testing of a methodology for area-based planning

Project 3 - Ocean Partnerships Project Project title (revised) -Introduction Project title (revised) Ocean Partnerships for Sustainable Fisheries and Biodiversity Conservation - Models for Innovation and Reform GEF Implementation Agency: World Bank Project Partners: Conservation International [Others] Finance: US$10m - GEF US$30m - GPO, World Bank and other

Project 3 - Ocean Partnerships -Scope ‘Coast to Coast’ Connectivity between coastal zones, EEZ and the ABNJ Areas within which fish and by-catch species (including aquatic animal and seabird biodiversity) migrate and are captured. Fisheries seen as both a threat and opportunity to tackle biodiversity conservation and other development outcomes… Unlocking the wealth of fisheries can ensure sustainable contributions to developing countries’ Triple Bottom Lines Biodiversity & conservation Economic growth Welfare / food / jobs

Project 3 - Ocean Partnerships -What will it do? Define up to six bankable RBM pilots which will…. …"develop and test technology and management arrangements for both pelagic and deep-sea environments and seamounts [...] in limited pilots that test a range of instruments including market and industry approaches“ (GEF strategy paper) …be demonstrative, influential and transformational– fast tracked and able to inform GEF-6. …contribute to both GEF (BD and IW) and GPO objectives

Project 4 - Strengthening Global Capacity to Effectively Manage ABNJ Linking global and regional/national processes Project 4: Strengthening global Capacity to effectively manage ABNJ –

Project 4 - Strengthening Global Capacity to Effectively Manage ABNJ GEF Agency & Executing Partner Partners: Global Ocean Forum (Co‑Executing Agency) Deep Sea Conservation Coalition French Marine Protected Areas agency IDDRI Institute for International Relations and Sustainable Development (France) iMarine UNESCO-IOC UNESCO Natural Sciences Division Nausicaä Centre National de la Mer (France) World Ocean Network OSPAR Commission SeaOrbiter FAO as GEF agency will be working with the executing partner - the Global Ocean Forum. As you see from the screen, the project will be implemented in close collaboration with various partners, including other international and regional organizations, multilateral agencies, national governments and museums and aquaria. This project will also work in close coordination with the other three projects to ensure coherence. The funds requested from GEF amounts to around US $1 million, with an estimated co-financing of approximately US $4. The project will span five years. US $1 million from GEF for 5 years Co-funding estimate US$4 million

Project 4 - Strengthening Global Capacity to Effectively Manage ABNJ OBJECTIVES Facilitate cross-sectoral dialogue and coordination The objectives of this project are: To facilitate cross-sectoral, multi-sectoral dialogues, linking regional and global levels To improve capacity for decision-making regarding ABNJ through Communities of Practice and an Oceans Fellowship Program   To improve knowledge management and public outreach on ABNJ, working with journalists and museums/aquaria to create a Public Outreach Network and through an integrated ABNJ Web Portal Improve capacity development Improve knowledge management and outreach

Project 4 - Strengthening Global Capacity to Effectively Manage ABNJ CROSS-SECTORAL POLICY DIALOGUES Cross-sectoral multi-stakeholder workshops 2 planned: 2013, December 2014 (a) Cross-Sectoral Multi-Stakeholder Workshops Cross-sectoral workshops—involving participants from the GEF/FAO ABNJ Program, governments, UN-agencies, NGOs, regional organizations, academia and the private sector—with the aim of establishing cross-sectoral linkages for information-sharing on ABNJ across sectors and between global and regional levels. 2 planned: 2013, December 2014 (b) High-Level Dialogues at Major Relevant Ocean-Related Meetings Dialogues, information sessions, and parallel events held at major relevant ocean meetings featuring the perspectives on ABNJ of high-level decision makers (at global, regional, and national levels). Examples: World Fisheries Congress, CBD COP, 6th Global Ocean Conference, FAO Committee on Fisheries, 3rd International Marine Protected Areas Congress High-level Dialogues at Major Relevant Ocean-related Meetings World Fisheries Congress, 6th Global Ocean Conference, FAO COFI, 3rd International MPA Congress

Project 4 - Strengthening Global Capacity to Effectively Manage ABNJ CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT Communities of Practice slide 4)   2) CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT (a) Communities of Practice (COPs) Formation of communities of practice (COPs) in key issue-areas, such as: - Fisheries, Biodiversity and Climate Change - Multiple Use Area-based Management These networks will be composed of expert practitioners from developing and developed countries to share knowledge, experience and best practices. These Communities of Practice will interact through an internet-based discussion platform and will help identify capacity development needs and share information on key ABNJ issues. (b) A Regional ABNJ Leaders Fellowship Program Support the participation of national and regional leaders, including from RFMOs, Regional Seas Programs, and Large Marine Ecosystem projects, in order to provide knowledge and background on important ABNJ issues across sectors, especially fisheries and biodiversity conservation; knowledge and background on ongoing global processes. The aim is to improve capacity of regional leaders to advance ABNJ management in their respective regions, as appropriate. Regional ABNJ Leaders Fellowship Program

Project 4 - Strengthening Global Capacity to Effectively Manage ABNJ KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND OUTREACH Public Outreach Network (a) Public Outreach Network Formation of a network of journalists, ABNJ practitioners, leaders from museum/aquaria, and other outreach specialists to raise the awareness on ABNJ issues, providing information for undertaking effective outreach on ABNJ issues, and identifying key channels and modes of outreach for informing and educating the public on ABNJ issues. b) ABNJ Portal With a view to sharing information and knowledge on ABNJ-related issues, this Internet portal will include information from the other ABNJ Program projects such as scientific studies and discovers, policy development and best practices, as well as other relevant data. Here you see a screen shot of the site – branded ‘Common Oceans’ - that will be hosting all this information and knowledge. ABNJ Portal

Project 4 - Strengthening Global Capacity to Effectively Manage ABNJ Next steps Consultation process GEF Council Project formulation and consultations GEF Review Project implementation November 2011 through December 2012 Winter 2013 2013-2017

TRANSFORMATIONAL IMPACT Conclusions TRANSFORMATIONAL IMPACT Move away from the race to fish Increased capacity to protect fragile ecosystems Fewer barriers to international and cross-sectoral sharing of knowledge and experiences Move toward EA and rights-based systems Conclusions slide: The Global Community (UN, civil society, RFMOs etc) has been working together for years to tackle problems associated with ABNJ Governance to ensure sustainability of fisheries, and to protect biodiversity. The work that has been done, and which is ongoing, may be considered our baseline. But it hasn’t been enough – many problems remain. GEF has put up 50 million to leverage additional resources from partners who undertake to work together and bring about transformational changes. Without transformational change in the management of ABNJ fisheries now, we can expect a future in which major fisheries in ABNJ face serious declines, with resulting negative impacts on national economies and the fishing industry; negative impacts on livelihoods of fishing populations in many countries, rich and poor; negative impacts on threats to global food security; and unacceptable consequences for global biodiversity priorities – species and habitats that depend on healthy ABNJ management. ABNJ fisheries are critically important for a host of biodiversity and public welfare outcomes which extend far beyond the limits of ABNJs. Simply put global fisheries governance problems cannot be solved without addressing ABNJ management. We have the tools to address the problem -- the core knowledge of methods and approaches. The global community, the national governments most closely associated with ABNJ management, and the markets that drive ABNJ fisheries, have simply lacked the catalytic leadership needed to make sustainability the priority. We believe that FAO supported by its partners has the resources and the international stature to provide that leadership.

What will the Programme achieve? The projects must lead to changes on the water: who catches the fish what they catch (… and what do they not catch) how much they catch how they catch it where they catch it

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