Internet and Intranet Fundamentals

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Presentation transcript:

Internet and Intranet Fundamentals Class 10 Session A

Topics Review the Midterm Results Security Wrapup: IPSEC

IPSEC Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol RFC 2401 Access Control Connectionless Integrity Data Origin Authentication Protection Against Replays Confidentiality Limited Traffic Flow Confidentiality

Objectives of RFC 2401 Achieved Through Two Major Security Protocols AH = Authentication Header ESP = Encapsulating Security Payload Cryptographic Key Management Procedures and Protocols Algorithm independence

Security Policy Database (SPD) Established / Maintained by User, Sys Admin, Application Three Processing Modes for Packets Afforded IPsec Security Services Discarded Allowed to Bypass IPsec Security Services

Security Gateway Intermediate System Implementing IPsec Protocols Paths Defined between Hosts Security Gateways Hosts and Security Gateways

AH = Authentication Header "IP Authentication Header", RFC 2402 Connectionless Integrity Data Origin Authentication Anti-Replay

ESP = Encapsulating Security Payload "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)", RFC 2406 Confidentiality (Encryption) Limited Traffic Flow Confidentiality Connectionless Integrity Data Origin Authentication Anti-Replay

AH / ESP Modes Transport Mode Tunnel Mode Tunnels can be Protection for upper layer protocols Tunnel Mode Applied to tunneled packets Tunnels can be end-to-end between two security gateways, or between individual TCP connections

AH / ESP Modes Hosts MUST support both modes Security Gateways need only support tunnel mode May support transport mode, but only when acting as a host

Implementation Native IP Implementation Bump-in-the-Stack (BITS) Source code Bump-in-the-Stack (BITS) In between native IP and data link layer Outboard Cryptoprocessor Military Bump-in-the-wire (BITW). Supporting Router acts as security gateway, as single host == BITS

Security Association Simplex connection affording security services to the traffic carried by it Two way traffic will require two SAs. Triple defines: Security Parameter Index (SPI) IP Destination Address security protocol identifier (AH or ESP)

Security Association Transport Mode Security Protocol Header Immediately After IP Header, but before high layer headers. Outer and Inner IP headers

Implementations of IPSec Internet Host Computer Host Computer Router w/ IPSec Router w/ IPSec Host Computer Host Computer Host Computer w/IPSec Host Computer w/IPSec Router w/o IPSec Router w/o IPSec Independent of Security Security Applied