Video AGE OF EXPLORATION CONQUEST IN AMERICA

COLONIZATION IN THE AMERICAS CONQUISTADOR: Spanish conqueror After Columbus & Magellan… Hernan Cortes (Spain) - conquistador who arrived in Mexico in 1519, looking for lands to claim & searching for “City of Gold”

HERNAN CORTES vs Came across Aztec Empire Greeted by Montezuma Video  Came across Aztec Empire Greeted by Montezuma Aztecs thought Spaniards were “iron-clad gods” Defeated Aztecs (1. Superior weapons, 2. Used enemies to help, 3. Disease) Tenochtitlan (Aztec capital) became Mexico City

FRANCISCO PIZARRO vs Bio. Video  Conquistador who arrived in Inca Empire (Peru) in 1523 Captured Atahualpa for ransom of gold/silver; silver became a HUGE commodity! Spanish eventually conquered, taking over lands from Ecuador to Chile Video 

SPANISH ECONOMY & SOCIAL CLASSES Can only import/export with Spain MERCANTILISM: how much gold/silver a country has ORDER OF SOCIAL CLASS in New Spain: Peninsulares – born in Spain Creoles – American-born descendents of Spanish settlers Mestizos – Native & Spanish descent Mulattoes – Spanish & African descent African slaves Native Americans

The Triangle Trade & Columbian Exchange Age of Exploration

The Triangle Trade Middle Passage Video **lower mortality rate**

What was the Triangle Trade??? Triangular Trade: network of trade between the Americas, Europe and coastal Africa raw materials (sugar, cotton, tobacco, etc.) from Americas to Europe; manufactured goods (guns, rum, etc.) from Europe to Africa; Slaves from Africa to Americas (ivory, gold back to Europe)

Why would African kings engage in the slave trade? The Gun-Slave cycle New guns are used to get more slaves Guns are given in exchange for slaves Why would African kings engage in the slave trade?

The Columbian Exchange

What was the Columbian Exchange??? Columbian Exchange = the exchange of goods from Americas to Europe & from Europe to America – new plants, animals, crops, foods, disease, technology, and ideas This kind of exchange is called cultural diffusion Influx of food results in population growth, especially in Europe Influx of disease results in decline in population in the Americas

What was exchanged??? from Americas: corn, potatoes, tomatoes, sweet potatoes, pumpkins, squash, beans, pineapples, tobacco, chocolate, quinine from Europe: wheat, melons, grapes, bananas, coconut, coffee, sugar cane, honeybees, olives, onions, horses, cattle, firearms, smallpox, whooping cough, malaria, measles