EOG Terms Review

Metaphor ~ paints a picture in the mind of the reader ~ The fog comes on little cat feet It sits looking over harbor and city on silent haunches and then moves on. Metaphor ~ paints a picture in the mind of the reader ~

Rhyme ~ creates rhythm ~ sounds like a beat ~ Brown and furry Caterpillar in a hurry Take your walk To the shady leaf or stalk. May no toad spy you, May the little birds pass by you, Spin and die, To live again a butterfly. Rhyme ~ creates rhythm ~ sounds like a beat ~

~ creates rhythm ~ emphasizes the author’s point ~ Alliteration Dancing Dolphins By Paul McCann Those tidal thoroughbreds that tango through the turquoise tide. Their taut tails thrashing they twist in tribute to the titans. They twirl through the trek tumbling towards the tide . Throwing themselves towards those theatrical thespians. ~ creates rhythm ~ emphasizes the author’s point ~

Hyperbole ~ an exaggeration to emphasize ~ My dog is so ugly I had to tie a $100 bill on him so people would pet him. “Sarah Cynthia Sylvia Stout Would not take the garbage out! She’d scour the pots and scrape the pans, Candy the yams and spice the hams, And though her daddy would scream and shout, She simply would not take the garbage out. And so it piled up to the ceilings: Coffee grounds, potato peelings, Brown bananas, rotten peas, Chunks of sour cottage cheese. It filled the can, it covered the floor, It cracked the window, it blocked the door…”

Author’s Purpose Inform ~ scientific articles, biography, autobiography, most news, recipes Entertain ~ imagery, poems, most fiction Persuade ~ bias, stereotypes, loaded words

Theme The overall universal idea or message of the text (friendship, trust, love, respect) Example

Onomatopoeia The rusty spigot sputters, utters a splutter, spatters a smattering of drops, gashes wider; slash, splatters, scatters, spurts, finally stops sputtering and plash! gushes rushes splashes clear water dashes. by Eve Merriam

Solving Analogies Determine how the first two words are related Create a sentence that shows the relationship Use answer choices in the same sentence to see which works best Check your answers by lining up parts of speech

1st Person Point of View Uses lots of the pronouns me, my, I The reader only hears the inner thoughts of one character, the narrator, who is telling the story Example : I trembled underneath his fierce gaze. “Young lady, where have you been?” my father sneered. I was scared speechless. Somehow, I opened my lips but I didn’t recognize the voice that came out as my own. “You’re grounded!” he roared.

3rd Person Point of View Uses lots of the pronouns he, she, they The narrator follows the actions of all characters ~ the reader knows all of their inner thoughts The narrator is not a character in the story ~ the narrator can’t interact with others

Mood The feeling a reader is supposed to get based on the words and phrases used by the author The dark, heavy clouds beat against each other in the air with the anger of ten thousand drums. Bright flashes sent eerie shards of light to the deepest corners of the dense forest. Alone, I wandered helplessly through the storm.

Tone The way the speaker or author would sound if he or she were reading the text (funny, sarcastic, somber) “Our state governments sure are the best aren’t they? I mean, what better way could there be to spend taxpayer money that to put up billboards encouraging good character traits? Maybe the tens of thousands of kids starving or the unemployed will see those billboards and think one day, “Wow! A billboard telling me kindness is a good thing. I really needed that today! I’m not hungry anymore at all.””

Imagery Appeals to sight, taste, smell, hearing, touch Paints an image in the mind of the reader

Foreshadow/Flashback Gives clues about what will happen next Gives background information on what happened previously Helps the reader better understand current characters/events

Dialect This is how someone speaks Many times, words will be spelled differently so you can tell how the character is speaking For example: “How’s it goin’ mon,” he said. “I’m from de islands.” This lets you HEAR how the characters would sound and helps you, in some cases, imagine the setting.

Setting Can help the reader visualize or see where the story is taking place Can help create a mood (scary, calm)

Irony Verbal irony-a contrast between what is said and what is meant (sarcasm is an example) Dramatic irony-the audience knows something one of the characters does not Situational irony-the contrast between what happens and what would be expected to happen.

Significance Why is it important? How would the text be different without it?

Key words: Indicate-this means “show” For example: What does the character’s action indicate? Imply-this means “suggest” For example: What does the character’s action imply? Captions, side bars, graphic organizers Link-this means “connection” For example: What is the link between these two characters? Symbolize-this means “represent” For example: What does the award symbolize to the character?