Recep Serdar Kara Dr. Ali Rıza Ongun Prof. Dr. Bülent Okur Effect of Zeolite Application on Available Potassium Capacity of Sandy Soils and Corn Plant Recep Serdar Kara Dr. Ali Rıza Ongun Prof. Dr. Bülent Okur

Zeolite «Clinoptilolite» -(Na,K,Ca)2-3Al3(Al,Si)2Si13O36·12(H2O) Hydrated aluminosilicates Characterized by three-dimensional networks of SiO4 and AlO4 tetrahedra High cation exchange capacity High surface adsorbtion capability I would like to describe zeolite first. Due to it is great physical properties, it is generally used for amelioration of soils. But it is also can be used to conditioning water regime of soils with its porous structure. We studied its effects on potassium capacity. R. Weller/Cochise College HealtyZeolite Earth-Zen

1. Material Sandy soils from Menemen Region Two different clinoptilolite type of zeolite with equivelent diameter of <200µ and 3-4 mm. Soil taken from menemen has alcaline reaction. Ph between 7.2-7.3. There were no sodicity or salinity problem. As you can see in the image lots of commercial products of zeolite cen be produced with different size of diameter. In this study we choose coarse and thin zeolite. Ray Paquette, CEO of Canadian Mining

1.1. Some Important Properties of Clinoptilolite pH: 6.5-7.5 CaO: 2% K2O: 3% Na2O: 0.2% Porosity: 35-40% Coarse Zeolite(CZ): 3-4 mm Thin Zeolite(TZ): <200µ

2.Methods Study was carried out by randomized blocks experimental design in pots. Z0: No zeolite application. TZ1: 50 kg/da thin zeolite application. TZ2: 100 kg/da thin zeolite application. TZ3: 200 kg/da thin zeolite application. TZ4: 400 kg/da thin zeolite application. CZ1: 50 kg/da coarse zeolite application. CZ2: 100 kg/da coarse zeolite application. CZ3: 200 kg/da coarse zeolite application. CZ4: 400 kg/da coarse zeolite application. Experiment was conducted in 72 pots with 1kg of sandy soil.

Experiment was conducted in 72 pots with 1 kg of sandy soil. Vegetation temperature was determined as 20 oC. Vegetation period was determined as 40 days. Each pot had 3 Quadro Corn plant. After 40 days, plants were harvested and each plant with soil in pots were prepared for analyses.

Available K concentrations of soils were determined according to 1 N (pH: 7) Ammonium Acetat Method by flame photometry spectroscopy (Chapman, 1965). Total K concentrations of plants were determined by AAS after wet digestion. (HNO3:HClO4 3/1; Baker and Smith, 1974)

3. Results and Conclusions 3. 1 3. Results and Conclusions 3.1. Available Potassium Concentration of Soil Dosage (kg/da) General Thin Zeolite Coarse Zeolite 279 c 50 340 b 281 c 399 a 100 339 b 337 b 200 368 ab 355 ab 382 ab 400 375 a 352 b LSD0,05 31,3 44,2   Form Thin 330 b Coarse 350 a 19,7

General Evaluation by Percentage

Evaluation of Thin Zeolite Application by Percantage

Evaluation of Coarse Zeolite Application by Percantage There is not a stabil increasing pattern at percantage. This can be related with absence of colloidal particals due to applying zeolite diameter of 3-4 mm.

3.1. Total Potassium Concentration of Plant Dosage (kg/da) General Thin Coarse 3617 b 3617 c 50 5057 a 5036 a 5078 ab 100 4530 a 3951 b 5108 ab 200 4935 a 4361 ab 5510 a 400 4776 a 4967 a 4584 b LSD0,05 621,2 878,3 878,2   Form 4387 4779 ns

General Evaluation by Percentage

Highest available potassium concentration of soils was achieved as 375 Highest available potassium concentration of soils was achieved as 375.8 ppm by 400 kg/da zeolite addition while the control was 279.1 ppm with regards to general statistical evaluation. Highest total potassium concentration of plants was achieved as 5057,4 ppm while the control was 3617.0 ppm with regards to general statistical evaluation. Concentrations of soils and plants also increased more with coarse zeolite additions than thin zeolite additions by a difference of 8.9% for soils and 6% for plants.

Thank you for your attention.