The Middle Colonies

Henry Hudson – looking for Northwest Passage; found Hudson River New Netherland: 1621- est. by Dutch West India Co. Center was New Amsterdam Governor - Peter Minuit Paid Native Americans $24 (60 Dutch guilders)in beads, knives, and other goods Grew slowly; land given to those who brought 50 settlers to colony

Patroons – landowners who had own laws New Sweden: Located in Delaware River Valley at present day Wilmington Small population taken over by Peter Stuyvesant (governor of New Netherland) Swedes built log cabins with notched logs

New Sweden Route

1642 – King Charles I beheaded for treason; next 11 years, Puritans ran England 1660 – King Charles II took over; sent James, Duke of York (younger brother) to seize New Netherland (renamed New York in honor of Duke of York) New York Colony: James became proprietor/owner of NY Let Dutch keep land, religion, and customs Colonists had no say in government

New Jersey Colony: Land given to Sir George Carteret by Duke of York Didn’t become royal colony until 1702

Pennsylvania Colony: Land given to Penn by Charles II in payment of debt to Penn’s father Means Penn’s woods Religious freedom (Quakers) Treated Native Americans fairly Prosperous farms German farmers known as PA Dutch Quakers – all men equal; won’t take oaths; women can speak in public; oppose war, taxes, slavery

William Penn

Delaware Colony: Composed of 3 counties along Delaware River Gave access to shipping goods from PA Later became a separate colony

Middle Colonies Quiz Who found the Northwest Passage? What was a patroon? Who captured New Netherlands? What religion were the Pennsylvania settlers? What was the purpose of the Delaware Colony?