Homework Read and complete all sections on pages 8-9 The structure and function of neurons Also, print out/draw the diagram on slide 5 Including the diagram on p.9 Be ready for some quiz questions 

Neuron The basic building blocks of the nervous system. Neurons are nerve cells that process and transmit messages through electrical and chemical signals.

Use the diagram to label the neuron on page 16 of your booklet (EO)

The structure of a neuron Vary in size but have same structure. Cell body (soma) includes a nucleus which contains the genetic material of the cell. Dendrites (branch-like structures) protrude from the cell body. Axon carries the impulse away from the cell body down the length of the neuron. Axon is covered in a fatty layer of myelin sheath that protects the axon and speeds up electrical transmission of the impulse. Myelin sheath is segmented by gaps called nodes of Ranvier; these speed up the transmission of the impulse by forcing it to ‘jump’ across the gaps along the axon. Terminal buttons (end of axon) – communicate with next neuron in the chain across a gap known as the synapse.

Print out/draw this slide and attach to booklet A.k.a. Relay neuron Print out/draw this slide and attach to booklet

Types of neuron Sensory neurons These carry sensory information from the environment and peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system. They have long dendrites and short axons. Relay neurons A.k.a. interneurons Carry messages from one part of the CNS to another. These connect the sensory neurons to the motor neurons. They have short dendrites and short axons.

Types of neuron continued… Motor neurons These connect the central nervous system to effectors such as muscles and glands. They have short dendrites and long axons.

Label the diagram below with the correct type of neuron.