You must be in class every day (if not, get what you missed off of the webpage) Bueller

Mr. Summer’ teaching style! Anyone, anyone?

A great way to study for tests! Cheers--Albania with Coach and Sam

Unit 1 Foundations of United States Government Chapter 1: Role of Government

Chapter 1: Role of Government Section 1: Government and the Public Good

What is Government?—5 components Government: an institution with the power to make and enforce rules and regulations for a group of people Rules apply to everyone with the political unit (state) Sovereignty: the exclusive right of an independent state to reign supreme and base absolute power over a geographic region and its people Laws: rules created or recognized by government Public policy: what government decides to do or not do; government laws, rules, or expenditures

Origins of Government In past—kings and queens receive power from God Legitimacy: rightful authority any government has over its citizens 1600’s: Thomas Hobbes’ social contract People give up individual sovereignty to the state; in exchange, the state provides peace and order John Locke: government gets its power from the people Natural rights: government should protect natural rights of people; if not, people should revolt OR Basic rights the government can not deny

Thomas Hobbes—social contract theory

John Locke—Natural rights

Youtube video: difference between hobbes and locke

5 Functions of Government 1. Maintaining order Enforce laws that protect safety and security of people and property Protect people from unfair business practice Hiring/firing laws based of race, gender, religion Regulate commerce and trade Protect from foreign invasion 2. Providing services Build roads Inspects food and medicine Mail Assists needy Builds schools

5 Functions of Government 3. Resolving conflict politics: the process by which people participating in gov. express opinions about what gov. should or should not do court system 4. Promoting Values values: basic principles by which people act and live their lives gov. helps promote values by passing laws and setting policies 5. The Public Good the public interest or the well-being of society as a whole good gov. pursues policies for the good of the people what is the common good??? All people have different views and gov. tries to figure it out

Chapter 1: Role of Government Section 2: Forms of Government

Forms of Government Forms of Government Monarchies Democracies Dictatorships Theocracies

Form of Government Definition Source of Authority Monarchy Absolute: King/queen has absolute power Constitutional: King/queen power limited by a Constitution Birth/Passed down Democracy Presidential: Executive and legislative branches are separate of each other Chief executive is the president Executive and legislative branches are chosen in separate elections b. Parliamentary: 1. Chief executive is prime minister 2. Executive is chose by the legislative branch (parliament) The people /elections Dictatorship Power is with 1 or a small group of people Force/secret police/no rights to the people Theocracy Political power in hands of religious leader Religion

Countries and their form of government CIA World Factbook

Power Among Levels of Government Unitary System central gov. holds all power local gov. has no power Federal System National, state, and local gov. share powers Confederate System Each state is represented in a central organization Central gov. carries out policies made by reps

Chapter 1: Role of Government Section 3: Democracy

Forms of Democracy Direct democracy Laws are made directly by all citizens Representative democracy People elect representatives to make decisions US gov is representative democracy

Benefits of Democracy 1. Allowing Choice Free Elections Free Speech 2. Recognizing Individual Worth All citizens are valued People have opportunity to succeed or fail 3. Promote Respect for Law If citizens participate in gov, they will respect the laws Citizens can challenge the fairness of a law 4. Protecting Minority Rights Majority rules Minority rights are respected 5. Promoting the Public Good If all citizens participate, decisions will be made to promote the public good