State It’s modern phenomena. It emerged in 15th -16th century.

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State It’s modern phenomena. It emerged in 15th -16th century. It’s western construct.

Features of modern state 1.Sovereignty. 2. Territorially limited. 3. Universal Authority with in the boundary. 4.Backed by coercion. 5. Compulsory Area Features of modern state

Leviathan: Hobbes State

Leviathan: Hobbes State

Theories of the state Liberal theory Marxian theory

Liberal theory of State Based on Liberal democracy 1. Constitutional Government. 2. Individual rights & liberty. 3.Multi-party competition. 4.Regular free & fair election. Strong Civil Society

Liberal State 1. Neutral arbiter / Umpire/Referee Modern state less responsive. 2. Polyarchy : a) Government, b) Non-elected elements c) Organized political groups d) JKGalbraith _ The Affluent Society e) Charles Lindblom: Politics & Market

New Right/ Neo-liberal/ Liberitarian Arguments 1. State becomes overarching/ Monster. 2. Electoral Promises for winability. 3. Closer links between business & working class 4.Expanding of bureaucracy

Primacy of Private life 1. Private sphere is sacred

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