Fort Sumter April 1861 Occurred at Fort Sumter which was close to the entrance of Charleston, South Carolina Union led by Major Robert Anderson Confederates led by General P.G.T. Beauregard Confederate Victory First “battle” of the Civil War It was a Union fort on Confederate land Anderson and his 67 men surrendered Casualties = none

Fort Sumter under the Confederate Flag Photo Credits in Public Domain http://www.archives.gov/research/military/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-087.jpg

First Battle of Bull Run July 1861 Occurred at Manassas Junction, Virginia (near Bull Run Creek) Union forces were led by General Irvin McDowell Confederate forces were led by Thomas Jackson Confederate Victory Jackson held his ground and earned the nickname “Stonewall” Union troops retreated in panic and confusion (rebel yell) Union realized after this battle the war would be long and difficult Casualties: approximately 4,800

Confederate Fortifications in Manassas, Virginia Photo Credit Public Domain http://www.archives.gov/research/military/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-089.jpg

Battle of the 7 Days June 1862 Richmond, Virginia Lee was the Confederate general McClellan was the Union general Confederate Victory 100,000 Union vs. 85,000 Confederates Battle was even McClellan retreated thinking he was outnumbered 35,500 casualties

Second Battle at Bull Run August 1862 Manassas, Virginia Lee and Jackson were the Confederate generals Pope was the Union general Confederate Victory Lee and Jackson beat the Union forces 22,000 Casualties

Antietam September 1862 Sharpsburg, Maryland (near Antietam Creek) Union forces led by Major General George B. McClellan Confederate forces led by General Robert E. Lee Union Victory (technically a draw) Bloodiest US battle in one day Lee retreated Casualties = approximately 26,000

Crossing the Bridge in Antietam Photo Credit Public Domain http://www.archives.gov/research/military/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-093.jpg

Fredericksburg Fredericksburg, Virginia December 1862 Confederate troops led by Lee Union troops led by Burnside (who replaced McClellan) Confederate Victory Burnside was trashed by Lee’s troops Burnside quit after losing this battle 18,000 Casualties

Chancellorsville Chancellorsville, Virginia May 1863 Lee was the Confederate general Hooker was the Union general Confederate Victory Lee was outnumbered 100,000 Union vs. 60,000 Confederate Jackson was shot by one of his own men and died from his injuries 24,000 casualties

Gettysburg Gettysburg, Pennsylvania July 1863 Confederates led by Lee Union led by Meade Union Victory 90,000 Union vs. 75,000 Confederate Turning point of the war (Union now had the upper hand) 22,000 Conf. casualties; 17,000 Union casualities

Ft. Henry and Donelson Tennessee February 1862 Grant was the Union general Union Victory These were key Confederate forts Made Grant a hero

Shiloh Tennessee April 1862 Grant was the Union general Union Victory Grant lost the first day’s battle Grant won the second day and even though he lost 13,000 men 23,000 casualties

Vicksburg Mississippi July 1863 Grant was the Union general Union Victory The Union set up a siege of Vicksburg Vicksburg surrendered 6 weeks later North now controlled the Mississippi River 8,000 casualties; Almost 30,000 Confederate POWs

Siege Artillery

Cold Harbor Virginia June 1864 Lee was the Confederate general Grant was the Union general Confederate Victory Lee was outnumbered Grant lost over 55,000 men in one month! 14,000 casualties

Atlanta Atlanta, Georgia September 1864 Sherman was the Union general Union Victory 90,000 Union soldiers Capture and burn Atlanta to the ground 12,000 casualties

Petersburg and Richmond Virginia April 1865 Lee was the Confederate general Grant was the Union general Union Victory Siege at Petersburg Lee realized it was pointless to fight any more battles

Appomattox Court House Virginia April 1865 Lee was the Confederate general Grant was the Union general Union Victory Lee surrendered to Grant in a farmhouse owned by Wilmer McLean U.S. Grant became known as “Unconditional Surrender” Grant Civil War was over!

McLean House Where Lee Surrendered Photo Credit Public Domain http://www.archives.gov/research/military/civil-war/photos/images/civil-war-111.jpg