Reading the ESRT

Cyanobacteria or blue green algae Eon: Precambrian Is split into the: Archean and Proterozoic When was the first oxygen produced? Which organism produced it? When did oceanic oxygen first enter the atmosphere? When did the first sexually reproducing organisms evolve? How many years does one Represent? Late archean Cyanobacteria or blue green algae Early proterozoic Middle proterozoic 500 million years

Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic Eon: the Phanerozoic What does one represent? 2. Which three era’s make up the phanerozoic? 100 million years Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic

First Life forms: Stromatolites Middle Proterozoic they are Abundant, What were they? Which time period? Stromatolites Middle Proterozoic they are Abundant, Evolved Early Archean

The Paleozoic: Ancient Life… Is there a rock record in NY State for this era in Earth’s geologic history? How old is the coal we burn today? Which time period did it form in? Yes for the most part 300 million years Old, Pennsylvanian Carboniferous

The Mesozoic: Middle Life Which life forms dominated the Jurassic period? Which events marked the beginning and end of this time period? The Dinosaurs and ammonoids 2 Mass Extinctions

When did humans (similar to us) appear on the planet? During the Pleistocene- Quarternary Time period around 400,000 years ago – Homo sapiens Hominid (human like) species evolved around 5 mya

O=Beluga Whale and Mastodont S= Condor Index fossils: the remains of an organism that was widespread geographically, but lived for a short geologic time period… 1. Which index fossil marked the Quaternary? There are three… O=Beluga Whale and Mastodont S= Condor

Index fossils A, B, and C belong to which family? Trilobites When did they become extinct? Can they be found in the bedrock around NY State? Where? End of the Permian Yes, the Allegheny Plateau, Erie-Ontario Lowlands, St. Lawrence Lowlands, Hudson Mohawk Lowlands

When did the last continental ice retreat? During the Quaternary Period , Pleistocene Epoch ,10,000 ya

The highest point in NY…

Which family of organisms existed for the shortest time period? Placoderm Fish (Armored Fish)

The Taconian Orogeny… Occurred during the Ordovician Period

Which landscape regions were formed during the Taconian Orogeny in NY State? Manhattan Prong, Taconic Mts, and Hudson Highlands

Where was North America at the time of the Taconian Orogeny? On the equator

Try these: 1 1.______ Eurypterid fossils are abundant in the Bertie dolostone, a sedimentary rock layer found in western New York State. The presence of both the eurypterids and the dolostone indicates that, during the formation of this rock layer, this region of New York State was (1) covered by evaporating shallow seas (2) uplifted and eroded (3) buried beneath lava flows (4) intensely metamorphosed 2. _____The division of Earth’s geologic history into units of time called eons, eras, periods, and epochs is based on absolute dating techniques fossil evidence (3) climatic changes (4) seismic data 2

3 3._____Which statement is best supported by the fossil record? (1) Fossils are found in nearly all rocks. (2) Fossils are found only in areas that were once under water. (3) Most early life-forms that left fossil remains are now extinct. (4) Most early life-forms that left fossil remains still exist today 4._____The map below shows the location of Grenville-age bedrock found in the northeastern United States. In which New York State landscapes is Grenville-age bedrock exposed at Earth’s surface? (1) Erie-Ontario Lowlands and St. Lawrence Lowlands (2) Catskills and Allegheny Plateau (3) Tug Hill Plateau and Atlantic Coastal Plain (4) Hudson Highlands and Adirondack Mountains 4