Aim: How do Geologist break-up Geologic Time? Do Now: - Take out your ESRT and turn to page 8-9 Earth has existed for 4.7 billion years. If this 4.7 billion years were to be scaled down to a 24 hour clock, then how much time on that clock do you think Humans have existed? 12:00:00 AM (midnight) would be the creation of Earth (4.6BYA) The following 12:00:00 AM (midnight) would be this very second (Present) Video 1 Video 2

I. Counting Geologic Time - Eons are the longest periods of time (billions of years) - Eras break up Eons (100 million years) - Periods break up Era’s (10 million years) - Epochs break up Periods (million years) In what time Eon, Era, Period and Epoch do we live? Phanerozoic eon, Cenozoic era, Quaternary period and the Holocene epoch.

ESRT page 8 and 9 provide a chart depicting Earth’s history. II. Reading the Geologic Time Scale ESRT page 8 and 9 provide a chart depicting Earth’s history. Take out page 8 and 9 Each column we discuss can be copied into your notes. Writing on these ESRT pages is not recommended.

The first four columns are breaking down Geologic time.

gives the approximate age in millions of years (MYA) that an event happened.

*Major extinctions are noted. States what kind of living things were on the planet. *Major extinctions are noted.

Geologic Events important to NY Specific New York State information Rocks formed in NY (If there are no rocks, then there are no fossils) Fossils found in NY (letters refer to index fossils at bottom of page) Geologic Events important to NY (Orogeny = Mountain building)

What period did the index fossil Maclurites exist? Answer: Ordovician How long did Graptolites exist on Earth? Answer: From the Cambrian to Pennsylvanian Period or from 488-299 MYA

North America is colored in solid black. Shows location of the continents during five geologic periods. Please note that they do not correctly line up with the geologic periods they represent. North America is colored in solid black.

Use your ESRT to answer the following questions: If early Pleistocene Mermaids had existed, their fossil remains would be the same age as which other types of fossils? When did the Jurassic period end? Which geologic event is associated with the Greenville Orogeny? (Orogeny = mountains) Could a scientist find shale containing a eurypterid fossil in NYS?

1st – Locate Pleistocene 2nd – Move to the right until you cross various fossil lines ________________________ 8 Fossil types can be found during this Epoch. Nautiloids, Crinoids, Mammals, Vascular Plants, Birds, Corals, Gastropods, and Brachiopods. The letters O and S stand for specific fossils. (Mastodon, Beluga, or Condor) If early Pleistocene Mermaids had existed, their fossil remains would be the same age as which other types of fossils?

Answer - 146 Millions of Years Ago End of the Jurassic Period Beginning of the Jurassic Period When did the Jurassic period end? 1st – Locate the Jurassic Period 2nd – Move to the right until you see the little MYA numbers Answer - 146 Millions of Years Ago

Answer -Adirondack Mountain and Hudson Highlands formed Which geologic event is associated with the Greenville Orogeny? (Orogenty = mountains) 1st – Locate Greenville Orogeny 2nd – Read entire box to find the geologic event. Answer -Adirondack Mountain and Hudson Highlands formed

1st – Locate eurypterid fossil 2nd – Find M in the CENTER column 3rd – Is there rock record from this time period in NYS? (Look one column to the left) Since the center column shows fossil and the column to the left show the rock record from NYS. You can hypothesis that if you found Silurian age rock it could potentially have the eurypterid fossil in it. Could a scientist find shale containing a eurypterid fossil in NYS Answer - Yes

Closure: Using page 8 and 9 of your ESRT, complete the back bin bottom worksheet, both sides.