Chapter 1 Introduction to C Programming REV00 REV00 Chapter 1 Introduction to C Programming DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)

1.1 Introduction We will learn the C programming language REV00 1.1 Introduction We will learn the C programming language Learn structured programming and proper programming techniques. This course is appropriate for technically oriented people with little or no programming experience. Experienced programmers who want a deep and rigorous treatment of the language DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)

REV00 1.2 History of C C Evolved by Ritchie from two previous. programming languages, BCPL and B Used to develop UNIX. Now, most operating systems written with C or C++. Hardware independent (portable). By late 1970's C had evolved to "Traditional C“. Standard created in 1989, updated in 1999 DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)

REV00 1.3 Identifiers In C the names of variables, functions, labels and various others user defined items are called identifiers. The length of these identifiers can vary from one to several character The first character must be a letter or an underscore, and subsequent characters must be either letters, digits, or underscores. Use meaningful identifiers Be consistent DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)

1.3.1 Correct and Incorrect Identifiers names REV00 1.3.1 Correct and Incorrect Identifiers names Correct Incorrect count 1count test123 Hi!there High_balance High…balance Total_score Total+score DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)

REV00 1.4 Basic Data Types Data is information that maybe manipulated by computer A binary digit, or a bit is the smallest item of data Type Size (bytes) char 1 int 2 or 4 float 4 double 8 DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)

10 a 1.5 Declaring Variables Declaration: REV00 int a = 10; Type Name Value 10 a Memory location DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)

REV00 1.6 Constants Constant refer to fixed values that the program may not alter. Constant can be any of the basic data types. Declaration: #define PI 3.142; Keyword Value Name DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)

1.7 Formatted Input/Output REV00 1.7 Formatted Input/Output Standard Output with printf( ) Syntax: printf ("Hello World!"); or printf ("Number: %d", a); Hello World! output Number: 10 output DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)

1.7 Formatted Input/Output REV00 1.7 Formatted Input/Output Format specifiers: printf ("Number: %d", a); %d is a format specifier that indicates the data should be of type integer. DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)

1.7 Formatted Input/Output REV00 1.7 Formatted Input/Output Standard Input with scanf( ) Syntax: scanf ("%d", &a); Input a Memory location DDC1123 PENGATURCARAAN I (C)