Section I: The Growth of the Cotton Industry

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Presentation transcript:

Section I: The Growth of the Cotton Industry Chapter 12 “The South” Section I: The Growth of the Cotton Industry

Learning Objective What invention revolutionized the southern economy?

Reviving the South’s Economy Pre- Revolutionary War the southern economy was based on tobacco, rice and indigo  produced by slavery Post Revolution – prices fell, demand and price of slaves fell also  farmers try unsuccessfully to grow other less labor intensive crops. Cotton would transform the southern economy and greatly increase the need for slave labor.

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin Removing seeds from cotton was difficult and time consuming. The invention of the Cotton Gin revolutionized the cotton industry  cotton boom Cotton Belt = NC, SC, GA, AL, MS, LA, AR, TX By 1860, the U.S. was producing a billion lbs. of cotton = over half of the world production

Cause and Effects of the Cotton Boom

The Southern Cotton Economy

Objective Check: What invention revolutionized the southern economy? Answer: The Cotton Gin

Section II: Southern Society

Learning Objective What was central to southern society?

Southern Society and Culture Planters – the wealthiest members of southern society Very powerful and wealthy Owned large plantations with multiple slaves

Yeomen – owners of small farms Few had slaves, and worked with them in the fields Lived very simple lives

Poor Whites Lived on land that could not grow cash crops – survived by hunting fishing and odd jobs

Free African Americans More than 250,000 lived in the South by 1860 They faced constant discrimination from white southerners They’re existence threatened the institution of slavery

Objective Check: What was central to southern society? Answer: Agriculture

Section III: The Slave System

Learning Objective: What were slave codes?

Slave Life Most slaves lived in rural areas, working on farms and plantations Often starting around 10 yrs. old, they did a variety of jobs both in the fields and households Some skilled slaves were able to save up money (paid selling their services) to buy their freedom.

Slaves were generally viewed as property – bought and sold to make a profit (at auction)

Slave codes – strict laws prohibiting slaves from traveling far from home and receiving an education.

Objective Check: What were slave codes? Answer: strict laws to control slaves actions Prohibited slaves from traveling far from home Outlawed the teaching and educating of slaves

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