A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e SOCIOLOGY A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e James M. Henslin Chapter Four: Social Structure and Social Interaction This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.
Levels of Sociological Analysis Macrosociology Large-Scale Features of Social Life Microsociology Focus on Social Interaction Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
The Macrosociological Perspective Sociological Significance of Social Structure Guides Our Behavior Behavior Decided by Location in Social Structure Culture Social Class Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
The Macrosociological Perspective Social Class Divides People by… Income Education Occupational Prestige Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
The Macrosociological Perspective Social Status Ascribed Achieved Status Symbols Master Statuses Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
The Macrosociological Perspective Roles Groups Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Social Institutions Sociological Significance of Social Institutions Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Social Institutions Mass Media as an Emerging Social Institution Comparing Functionalist and Conflict Perspectives Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Functionalist Perspective Replacing Members Socializing New Members Producing and Distributing Goods and Services Preserving Order Providing a Sense of Purpose Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Conflict Perspective Powerful Groups Control Institutions Small Groups Garner Lion’s Share of Wealth Social Institutions Affect Gender Relations Main Purpose is to Preserve Social Order Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Changes in Social Order What Holds Society Together? Mechanical (shared life) and Organic Solidarity (shared need) Gemeinschaft (intimate community) and Gesellschaft (impersonal association) How Relevant Today? Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Microsociological Perspective: Social Interaction in Everyday Life Examine Face-to-Face Interactions Symbolic Interaction Symbols People Use How People Look at Things How it Affects Behavior and Orientations to Life Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Microsociological Perspective: Social Interaction in Everyday Life Stereotypes Assumptions About What People Are Like Classify Others By Visible Characteristics Ideas About Characteristics Guide Our Behavior Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Microsociological Perspective: Social Interaction in Everyday Life Personal Space Intimate Distance Personal Distance Social Distance Public Distance Touching Eye Contact Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Dramaturgy: Erving Goffman Dramaturgy Impression Management The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life Erving Goffman Dramaturgy Impression Management Front and Back Stages Role Performance Role Strain Between and Within Roles Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Dramaturgy: Roles We Become the Roles we Play Sign-Vehicles The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life Roles We Become the Roles we Play Sign-Vehicles Social Setting Appearance Manner Face Saving Behavior Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Ethnomethodology: The Study of How People Do Things Uncovering Background Assumptions The Study of How People Do Things Harold Garfinkle’s Experiments Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Social Construction of Reality Definition of the Situation - Thomas Theorem Objective Reality vs. Subjective Interpretation Gynecological Examinations Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Need for Macrosociology and Microsociology Understanding Incomplete Without Both Consider the Example of Groups Studied by William Chambliss Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007